histc

[cf, ind] = histc(n, data [,normalization])
[cf, ind] = histc(x, data [,normalization])

Arguments

n

positive integer (number of classes)

x

increasing vector defining the classes (x may have at least 2 components)

data

vector (data to be analysed)

cf

vector representing the number of values of data falling in the classes defined by n or x

ind

vector or matrix of same size as data, representing the repective belonging of each element of data data to the classes defined by n or x

normalization

scalar boolean. normalization=%f (default): cf represents the total number of points in each class, normalization=%t: cf represents the number of points in each class, relatively to the total number of points

Description

This function computes a histogram of the data vector using the classes x. When the number n of classes is provided instead of x, the classes are chosen equally spaced and x(1) = min(data) < x(2) = x(1) + dx < ... < x(n+1) = max(data) with dx = (x(n+1)-x(1))/n.

The classes are defined by C1 = [x(1), x(2)] and Ci = ( x(i), x(i+1)] for i >= 2. Noting Nmax the total number of data (Nmax = length(data)) and Ni the number of data components falling in Ci, the value of the histogram for x in Ci is equal to Ni/(Nmax (x(i+1)-x(i))) when "normalized" is selected and else, simply equal to Ni. When normalization occurs the histogram verifies:

when x(1)<=min(data) and max(data) <= x(n+1)

Examples

• Example #1: variations around a histogram of a gaussian random sample

  // The gaussian random sample d = rand(1, 10000, 'normal'); [cf, ind] = histc(20, d, normalization=%f) // We use histplot to show a graphic representation clf(); histplot(20, d, normalization=%f); [cf, ind] = histc(20, d) clf(); histplot(20, d);

  
• Example #2: histogram of a binomial (B(6,0.5)) random sample

  d = grand(1000,1,"bin", 6, 0.5); c = linspace(-0.5,6.5,8); clf() subplot(2,1,1) [cf, ind] = histc(c, d) histplot(c, d, style=2); xtitle("Normalized histogram") subplot(2,1,2) [cf, ind] = histc(c, d, normalization=%f) histplot(c, d, normalization=%f, style=5); xtitle("Non normalized histogram")

  
• Example #3: histogram of an exponential random sample

  lambda = 2; X = grand(100000,1,"exp", 1/lambda); Xmax = max(X); [cf, ind] = histc(40, X) clf() histplot(40, X, style=2); x = linspace(0, max(Xmax), 100)'; plot2d(x, lambda*exp(-lambda*x), strf="000", style=5) legend(["exponential random sample histogram" "exact density curve"]);

  
• Example #4: the frequency polygon chart and the histogram of a gaussian random sample

  n = 10; data = rand(1, 1000, "normal"); [cf, ind] = histc(n, data) clf(); histplot(n, data, style=12, polygon=%t); legend(["normalized histogram" "frequency polygon chart"]);

  

See Also

• histplot — plot a histogram
• hist3d — 3D representation of a histogram
• plot2d — 2D plot
• dsearch — distribute, locate and count elements of a matrix or hypermatrix in given categories

History

Version	Description
5.5.0	Introduction