// -*- mode: C++; c-file-style: "cc-mode" -*-
//*************************************************************************
// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Combine common code into functions
//
// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
//
//*************************************************************************
//
// Copyright 2003-2019 by Wilson Snyder.  This program is free software; you can
// redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
// Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
// Version 2.0.
//
// Verilator is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
//
//*************************************************************************
// V3Combine's Transformations:
//
//      For every function that we spit out
//      Examine code to find largest common blocks
//          Hash each node depth first
//              Hash includes varp name and operator type, and constants
//              Form lookup table based on hash of each statement  w/ nodep and next nodep
//          GO through table
//              Lookup in hash, while next of each statement match, grow that common block
//      Foreach common block
//          If common block large enough (> 20 statements) & used 2x or more
//              Make new function
//              Move common block to function
//              Replace each common block ref with funccall
//
//*************************************************************************

#include "config_build.h"
#include "verilatedos.h"

#include "V3Global.h"
#include "V3Combine.h"
#include "V3Hashed.h"
#include "V3Stats.h"
#include "V3Ast.h"

#include <algorithm>
#include <cstdarg>
#include <map>
#include <vector>

//######################################################################

#define COMBINE_MIN_STATEMENTS 50  // Min # of statements to be worth making a function

//######################################################################

class CombBaseVisitor : public AstNVisitor {
protected:
    // STATE

    // METHODS
    virtual ~CombBaseVisitor() {}
    VL_DEBUG_FUNC;  // Declare debug()

    //***** optimization levels
    static bool emptyFunctionDeletion() { return true; }
    static bool duplicateFunctionCombine() { return true; }
    // Note this is disabled, it still needed work
    // Also repair it for DPI functions; when make __common need to insure proper
    // flags get inherited from the old to new AstCFunc, and that AstText doesn't
    // get split between functions causing the text to have a danginling reference.
    bool statementCombine() { return false; }  // duplicateFunctionCombine();
};

//######################################################################
// Combine replacement function

class CombCallVisitor : CombBaseVisitor {
    // Find all CCALLS of each CFUNC, so that we can later rename them
private:
    // NODE STATE
    bool        m_find;         // Find mode vs. delete mode
    typedef std::multimap<AstCFunc*,AstCCall*> CallMmap;
    CallMmap    m_callMmap;     // Associative array of {function}{call}
    // METHODS
public:
    void replaceFunc(AstCFunc* oldfuncp, AstCFunc* newfuncp) {
        if (oldfuncp==newfuncp) return;
        if (newfuncp) {
            UINFO(4, "   Replace "<<oldfuncp<<" -WITH-> "<<newfuncp<<endl);
        } else UINFO(4, "   Remove "<<oldfuncp<<endl);
        std::pair <CallMmap::iterator,CallMmap::iterator> eqrange
            = m_callMmap.equal_range(oldfuncp);
        for (CallMmap::iterator nextit = eqrange.first; nextit != eqrange.second;) {
            CallMmap::iterator eqit = nextit++;
            AstCCall* callp = eqit->second;
            if (!callp->user3()) {  // !already done
                UINFO(4, "     Called "<<callp<<endl);
                if (callp->funcp() != oldfuncp) callp->v3fatalSrc("Call list broken, points to call w/different func");
                if (newfuncp) {
                    AstCCall* newp = new AstCCall(callp, newfuncp);
                    // Special new AstCCall form above transfers children of callp to newfuncp
                    callp->replaceWith(newp);
                    addCall(newp);  // Fix the table
                } else {  // Just deleting empty function
                    callp->unlinkFrBack();
                }
                callp->user3(true);  // Dead now
                pushDeletep(callp); VL_DANGLING(callp);
                m_callMmap.erase(eqit);  // Fix the table
            }
        }
    }
    // METHODS
    void addCall(AstCCall* nodep) {
        m_callMmap.insert(make_pair(nodep->funcp(), nodep));
    }
    void deleteCall(AstCCall* nodep) {
        std::pair<CallMmap::iterator,CallMmap::iterator> eqrange
            = m_callMmap.equal_range(nodep->funcp());
        for (CallMmap::iterator nextit = eqrange.first; nextit != eqrange.second;) {
            CallMmap::iterator eqit = nextit++;
            AstCCall* callp = eqit->second;
            if (callp==nodep) {
                m_callMmap.erase(eqit);
                return;
            }
        }
        nodep->v3fatalSrc("deleteCall node not found in table");
    }
private:
    // VISITORS
    virtual void visit(AstCCall* nodep) {
        addCall(nodep);
    }
    // Speed things up
    virtual void visit(AstNodeAssign* nodep) {}
    virtual void visit(AstNodeMath* nodep) {}
    virtual void visit(AstNode* nodep) {
        iterateChildren(nodep);
    }
public:
    // CONSTRUCTORS
    CombCallVisitor() {
        m_find = false;
    }
    virtual ~CombCallVisitor() {}
    void main(AstNetlist* nodep) {
        iterate(nodep);
    }
};

//######################################################################
// Combine marking function

class CombMarkVisitor : CombBaseVisitor {
    // Mark all nodes under specified one.
private:
    // OUTPUT:
    //  AstNode::user3()        -> bool. True to indicate duplicated
    // VISITORS
    virtual void visit(AstNode* nodep) {
        nodep->user3(true);
        iterateChildren(nodep);
    }
public:
    // CONSTRUCTORS
    explicit CombMarkVisitor(AstNode* nodep) {
        iterate(nodep);
    }
    virtual ~CombMarkVisitor() {}
};

//######################################################################
// Combine state, as a visitor of each AstNode

class CombineVisitor : CombBaseVisitor {
private:
    // NODE STATE
    // Entire netlist:
    //  AstNodeStmt::user()     -> bool.  True if iterated already
    //  AstCFunc::user3p()      -> AstCFunc*, If set, replace ccalls to this func with new func
    //  AstNodeStmt::user3()    -> AstNode*.  True if to ignore this cell
    //  AstNodeStmt::user4()    -> V3Hashed::V3Hash.  Hash value of this node (hash of 0 is illegal)
    AstUser1InUse       m_inuser1;
    AstUser3InUse       m_inuser3;
    //AstUser4InUse     part of V3Hashed

    // STATE
    typedef enum {STATE_IDLE, STATE_HASH, STATE_DUP} CombineState;
    V3Double0           m_statCombs;    // Statistic tracking
    CombineState        m_state;        // Major state
    AstNodeModule*      m_modp;         // Current module
    AstCFunc*           m_funcp;        // Current function
    V3Hash              m_lowerHash;    // Hash of the statement we're building
    CombCallVisitor     m_call;         // Tracking of function call users
    int                 m_modNFuncs;    // Number of functions made
    AstNode*            m_walkLast1p;   // Final node that is the same in duplicate list
    AstNode*            m_walkLast2p;   // Final node that is the same in duplicate list
    V3Hashed            m_hashed;       // Hash for every node in module

    // METHODS
    void hashStatement(AstNode* nodep) {
        // Compute hash on entire tree of this statement
        m_hashed.hashAndInsert(nodep);
        //UINFO(9,"  stmthash "<<hex<<nodep->user4()<<"  "<<nodep<<endl);
    }
    void hashFunctions(AstCFunc* nodep) {
        // Compute hash of all statement trees in the function
        CombineState oldState = m_state;
        {
            m_state = STATE_HASH;
            iterate(nodep);
        }
        m_state = oldState;
    }
    void walkEmptyFuncs() {
        for (V3Hashed::iterator it = m_hashed.begin(); it != m_hashed.end(); ++it) {
            AstNode* node1p = it->second;
            AstCFunc* oldfuncp = VN_CAST(node1p, CFunc);
            if (oldfuncp
                && oldfuncp->emptyBody()
                && !oldfuncp->dontCombine()) {
                UINFO(5,"     EmptyFunc "<<std::hex<<V3Hash(oldfuncp->user4p())
                      <<" "<<oldfuncp<<endl);
                // Mark user3p on entire old tree, so we don't process it more
                CombMarkVisitor visitor(oldfuncp);
                m_call.replaceFunc(oldfuncp, NULL);
                oldfuncp->unlinkFrBack();
                pushDeletep(oldfuncp); VL_DANGLING(oldfuncp);
            }
        }
    }
    void walkDupFuncs() {
        for (V3Hashed::iterator it = m_hashed.begin(); it != m_hashed.end(); ++it) {
            V3Hash hashval = it->first;
            AstNode* node1p = it->second;
            if (!VN_IS(node1p, CFunc)) continue;
            if (hashval.isIllegal()) node1p->v3fatalSrc("Illegal (unhashed) nodes");
            for (V3Hashed::iterator eqit = it; eqit != m_hashed.end(); ++eqit) {
                AstNode* node2p = eqit->second;
                if (!(eqit->first == hashval)) break;
                if (node1p==node2p) continue;  // Identical iterator
                if (node1p->user3p() || node2p->user3p()) continue;  // Already merged
                if (node1p->sameTree(node2p)) {  // walk of tree has same comparison
                    // Replace AstCCall's that point here
                    replaceFuncWFunc(VN_CAST(node2p, CFunc), VN_CAST(node1p, CFunc));
                    // Replacement may promote a slow routine to fast path
                    if (!VN_CAST(node2p, CFunc)->slow()) VN_CAST(node1p, CFunc)->slow(false);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    void replaceFuncWFunc(AstCFunc* oldfuncp, AstCFunc* newfuncp) {
        UINFO(5,"     DupFunc "<<std::hex<<V3Hash(newfuncp->user4p())<<" "<<newfuncp<<endl);
        UINFO(5,"         and "<<std::hex<<V3Hash(oldfuncp->user4p())<<" "<<oldfuncp<<endl);
        // Mark user3p on entire old tree, so we don't process it more
        ++m_statCombs;
        CombMarkVisitor visitor(oldfuncp);
        m_call.replaceFunc(oldfuncp, newfuncp);
        oldfuncp->unlinkFrBack();
        pushDeletep(oldfuncp); VL_DANGLING(oldfuncp);
    }
    void replaceOnlyCallFunc(AstCCall* nodep) {
        if (AstCFunc* oldfuncp = VN_CAST(nodep->backp(), CFunc)) {
            //oldfuncp->dumpTree(cout, "MAYDEL: ");
            if (nodep->nextp()==NULL
                && oldfuncp->initsp()==NULL
                && oldfuncp->stmtsp()==nodep
                && oldfuncp->finalsp()==NULL) {
                UINFO(9,"     Function only has call "<<oldfuncp<<endl);
                m_call.deleteCall(nodep);
                CombMarkVisitor visitor(oldfuncp);
                replaceFuncWFunc(oldfuncp, nodep->funcp()); VL_DANGLING(nodep);
            }
        }
    }

    void walkDupCodeStart(AstNode* node1p) {
        V3Hash hashval(node1p->user4p());
        //UINFO(4,"    STMT "<<hashval<<" "<<node1p<<endl);
        //
        int bestDepth = 0;  // Best substitution found in the search
        AstNode* bestNode2p = NULL;
        AstNode* bestLast1p = NULL;
        AstNode* bestLast2p = NULL;
        //
        std::pair<V3Hashed::iterator,V3Hashed::iterator> eqrange
            = m_hashed.mmap().equal_range(hashval);
        for (V3Hashed::iterator eqit = eqrange.first; eqit != eqrange.second; ++eqit) {
            AstNode* node2p = eqit->second;
            if (node1p==node2p) continue;
            //
            // We need to mark iteration to prevent matching code inside
            // code (abab matching in ababab)
            AstNode::user1ClearTree();  // user1p() used on entire tree
            m_walkLast1p = NULL;
            m_walkLast2p = NULL;
            int depth = walkDupCodeNext(node1p, node2p, 1);
            if (depth>COMBINE_MIN_STATEMENTS
                && depth>bestDepth) {
                bestDepth = depth;
                bestNode2p = node2p;
                bestLast1p = m_walkLast1p;
                bestLast2p = m_walkLast2p;
            }
        }
        if (bestDepth) {
            // Found a replacement
            UINFO(5,"     Duplicate of depth "<<bestDepth<<endl);
            UINFO(5,"       DupFunc "<<" "<<node1p<<endl);
            UINFO(5,"           and "<<" "<<bestNode2p<<endl);
            UINFO(5,"       Through "<<" "<<bestLast1p<<endl);
            UINFO(5,"           and "<<" "<<bestLast2p<<endl);
            //
            walkReplace(node1p, bestNode2p, bestLast1p, bestLast2p);
        }
    }

    int walkDupCodeNext(AstNode* node1p, AstNode* node2p, int level) {
        // Find number of common statements between the two node1p_nextp's...
        if (node1p->user1p() || node2p->user1p()) return 0;  // Already iterated
        if (node1p->user3p() || node2p->user3p()) return 0;  // Already merged
        if (!m_hashed.sameNodes(node1p, node2p)) return 0;  // walk of tree has same comparison
        V3Hash hashval(node1p->user4p());
        //UINFO(9,"        wdup1 "<<level<<" "<<V3Hash(node1p->user4p())<<" "<<node1p<<endl);
        //UINFO(9,"        wdup2 "<<level<<" "<<V3Hash(node2p->user4p())<<" "<<node2p<<endl);
        m_walkLast1p = node1p;
        m_walkLast2p = node2p;
        node1p->user1(true);
        node2p->user1(true);
        if (node1p->nextp() && node2p->nextp()) {
            return hashval.depth()+walkDupCodeNext(node1p->nextp(), node2p->nextp(), level+1);
        }
        return hashval.depth();
    }

    void walkReplace(AstNode* node1p, AstNode* node2p,
                     AstNode* last1p, AstNode* last2p) {  // Final node in linked list, maybe null if all statements to be grabbed
        // Make new function
        string oldname = m_funcp->name();
        string::size_type pos;
        if ((pos = oldname.find("_common")) != string::npos) {
            oldname.erase(pos);
        }
        if ((pos = oldname.find("__")) != string::npos) {
            oldname.erase(pos);
        }
        AstCFunc* newfuncp = new AstCFunc(node1p->fileline(),
                                          oldname+"_common"+cvtToStr(++m_modNFuncs),
                                          NULL);
        m_modp->addStmtp(newfuncp);
        // Create calls
        AstCCall* call1p = new AstCCall(node1p->fileline(), newfuncp);
        AstCCall* call2p = new AstCCall(node2p->fileline(), newfuncp);
        // Grab statement bodies
        AstNRelinker relink1Handle;
        AstNRelinker relink2Handle;
        for (AstNode* nextp, *walkp = node1p; 1; walkp = nextp) {
            nextp = walkp->nextp();
            if (walkp==node1p)  walkp->unlinkFrBack(&relink1Handle);
            else { walkp->unlinkFrBack(); node1p->addNext(walkp); }
            if (walkp==last1p) break;
        }
        for (AstNode* nextp, *walkp = node2p; 1; walkp = nextp) {
            nextp = walkp->nextp();
            if (walkp==node2p)  walkp->unlinkFrBack(&relink2Handle);
            else { walkp->unlinkFrBack(); node2p->addNext(walkp); }
            if (walkp==last2p) break;
        }
        // Move node1 statements to new function
        newfuncp->addStmtsp(node1p);
        //newfuncp->dumpTree(cout, " newfunctree: ");
        // Mark node2 statements as dead
        CombMarkVisitor visitor(node2p);
        pushDeletep(node2p);  // Delete later
        // Link in new function
        relink1Handle.relink(call1p);
        relink2Handle.relink(call2p);
        // Hash the new function
        hashFunctions(newfuncp);
        m_call.addCall(call1p);
        m_call.addCall(call2p);
        // If either new statement makes a func with only a single call, replace
        // the above callers to call it directly
        replaceOnlyCallFunc(call1p); VL_DANGLING(call1p);
        replaceOnlyCallFunc(call2p); VL_DANGLING(call2p);
    }

    // VISITORS
    virtual void visit(AstNetlist* nodep) {
        // Track all callers of each function
        m_call.main(nodep);
        //
        //In V3Hashed AstNode::user4ClearTree();        // user4p() used on entire tree
        // Iterate modules backwards, in bottom-up order.
        // Required so that a module instantiating another can benefit from collapsing.
        iterateChildrenBackwards(nodep);
    }
    virtual void visit(AstNodeModule* nodep) {
        UINFO(4," MOD   "<<nodep<<endl);
        m_modp = nodep;
        m_modNFuncs = 0;
        m_walkLast2p = NULL;
        m_hashed.clear();
        // Compute hash of all statement trees in the function
        m_state = STATE_HASH;
        iterateChildren(nodep);
        m_state = STATE_IDLE;
        if (debug()>=9) {
            m_hashed.dumpFilePrefixed("combine");
        }
        // Walk the hashes removing empty functions
        if (emptyFunctionDeletion()) {
            walkEmptyFuncs();
        }
        // Walk the hashes looking for duplicate functions
        if (duplicateFunctionCombine()) {
            walkDupFuncs();
        }
        // Walk the statements looking for large replicated code sections
        if (statementCombine()) {
            m_state = STATE_DUP;
            iterateChildren(nodep);
            m_state = STATE_IDLE;
        }
        m_modp = NULL;
    }
    virtual void visit(AstCFunc* nodep) {
        m_funcp = nodep;
        if (!nodep->dontCombine()) {
            if (m_state == STATE_HASH) {
                hashStatement(nodep);  // Hash the entire function - it might be identical
            } else if (m_state == STATE_DUP) {
                iterateChildren(nodep);
            }
        }
        m_funcp = NULL;
    }
    virtual void visit(AstNodeStmt* nodep) {
        if (!nodep->isStatement()) {
            iterateChildren(nodep);
            return;
        }
        if (m_state == STATE_HASH && m_funcp) {
            hashStatement(nodep);
        }
        else if (m_state == STATE_DUP && m_funcp) {
            walkDupCodeStart(nodep);
        }
    }

    //--------------------
    // Default: Just iterate
    virtual void visit(AstVar*) {}
    virtual void visit(AstTraceDecl*) {}
    virtual void visit(AstTraceInc*) {}
    virtual void visit(AstNode* nodep) {
        iterateChildren(nodep);
    }

public:
    // CONSTUCTORS
    explicit CombineVisitor(AstNetlist* nodep) {
        m_state = STATE_IDLE;
        m_modp = NULL;
        m_funcp = NULL;
        m_modNFuncs = 0;
        m_walkLast1p = NULL;
        m_walkLast2p = NULL;
        iterate(nodep);
    }
    virtual ~CombineVisitor() {
        V3Stats::addStat("Optimizations, Combined CFuncs", m_statCombs);
    }
};

//######################################################################
// Combine class functions

void V3Combine::combineAll(AstNetlist* nodep) {
    UINFO(2,__FUNCTION__<<": "<<endl);
    {
        CombineVisitor visitor (nodep);
    }  // Destruct before checking
    V3Global::dumpCheckGlobalTree("combine", 0, v3Global.opt.dumpTreeLevel(__FILE__) >= 3);
}
