// -*- mode: C++; c-file-style: "cc-mode" -*-
//*************************************************************************
// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Resolve module/signal name references
//
// Code available from: https://verilator.org
//
//*************************************************************************
//
// Copyright 2003-2020 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you
// can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
// Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
// Version 2.0.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only OR Artistic-2.0
//
//*************************************************************************
// LinkDot TRANSFORMATIONS:
//      Top-down traversal in LinkDotFindVisitor
//          Cells:
//              Make graph of cell hierarchy
//          Var/Funcs's:
//              Collect all names into symtable under appropriate cell
//      Top-down traversal in LinkDotScopeVisitor
//          Find VarScope versions of signals (well past original link)
//      Top-down traversal in LinkDotParamVisitor
//          Create implicit signals
//      Top-down traversal in LinkDotResolveVisitor
//          VarXRef/Func's:
//              Find appropriate named cell and link to var they reference
//*************************************************************************
// Interfaces:
//      CELL (.port (ifref)
//                     ^--- cell                 -> IfaceDTypeRef(iface)
//                     ^--- cell.modport         -> IfaceDTypeRef(iface,modport)
//                     ^--- varref(input_ifref)  -> IfaceDTypeRef(iface)
//                     ^--- varref(input_ifref).modport -> IfaceDTypeRef(iface,modport)
//      FindVisitor:
//          #1: Insert interface Vars
//          #2: Insert ModPort names
//        IfaceVisitor:
//          #3: Update ModPortVarRef to point at interface vars (after #1)
//          #4: Create ModPortVarRef symbol table entries
//        FindVisitor-insertIfaceRefs()
//          #5: Resolve IfaceRefDtype modport names (after #2)
//          #7: Record sym of IfaceRefDType and aliased interface and/or modport (after #4,#5)
//      insertAllScopeAliases():
//          #8: Insert modport's symbols under IfaceRefDType (after #7)
//      ResolveVisitor:
//          #9: Resolve general variables, which may point into the interface or modport (after #8)
//      LinkResolve:
//          #10: Unlink modports, not needed later except for XML/Lint
//*************************************************************************
// TOP
//      {name-of-top-modulename}
//      a          (VSymEnt->AstCell)
//        {name-of-cell}
//        {name-of-cell-module}
//        aa         (VSymEnt->AstCell)
//          var        (AstVar) -- no sub symbol table needed
//          beg        (VSymEnt->AstBegin) -- can see "upper" a's symbol table
//      a__DOT__aa (VSymEnt->AstCellInline) -- points to a.aa's symbol table
//      b          (VSymEnt->AstCell)
//*************************************************************************

#include "config_build.h"
#include "verilatedos.h"

#include "V3Global.h"
#include "V3LinkDot.h"
#include "V3SymTable.h"
#include "V3Graph.h"
#include "V3Ast.h"
#include "V3String.h"

#include <algorithm>
#include <map>
#include <vector>

//######################################################################
// Matcher classes (for suggestion matching)

class LinkNodeMatcherClass : public VNodeMatcher {
public:
    virtual bool nodeMatch(const AstNode* nodep) const override { return VN_IS(nodep, Class); }
};
class LinkNodeMatcherFTask : public VNodeMatcher {
public:
    virtual bool nodeMatch(const AstNode* nodep) const override { return VN_IS(nodep, NodeFTask); }
};
class LinkNodeMatcherModport : public VNodeMatcher {
public:
    virtual bool nodeMatch(const AstNode* nodep) const override { return VN_IS(nodep, Modport); }
};
class LinkNodeMatcherVar : public VNodeMatcher {
public:
    virtual bool nodeMatch(const AstNode* nodep) const override {
        return VN_IS(nodep, Var) || VN_IS(nodep, LambdaArgRef);
    }
};
class LinkNodeMatcherVarIO : public VNodeMatcher {
public:
    virtual bool nodeMatch(const AstNode* nodep) const override {
        const AstVar* varp = VN_CAST_CONST(nodep, Var);
        if (!varp) return false;
        return varp->isIO();
    }
};
class LinkNodeMatcherVarParam : public VNodeMatcher {
public:
    virtual bool nodeMatch(const AstNode* nodep) const override {
        const AstVar* varp = VN_CAST_CONST(nodep, Var);
        if (!varp) return false;
        return varp->isParam();
    }
};

//######################################################################
// LinkDot state, as a visitor of each AstNode

class LinkDotState {
private:
    // NODE STATE
    // Cleared on Netlist
    //  AstNodeModule::user1p()         // VSymEnt*.      Last symbol created for this node
    //  AstNodeModule::user2()          // bool.          Currently processing for recursion check
    //  ...  Note maybe more than one, as can be multiple hierarchy places
    //  AstVarScope::user2p()           // AstVarScope*.  Base alias for AstInline of this signal
    //  AstVar::user2p()                // AstFTask*.     If a function variable, the task
    //                                                    that links to the variable
    //  AstVar::user4()                 // bool.          True if port set for this variable
    //  AstNodeBlock::user4()           // bool.          Did name processing
    //  AstNodeModule::user4()          // bool.          Live module
    AstUser1InUse m_inuser1;
    AstUser2InUse m_inuser2;
    AstUser4InUse m_inuser4;

public:
    // ENUMS
    // In order of priority, compute first ... compute last
    enum SAMNum : uint8_t { SAMN_MODPORT, SAMN_IFTOP, SAMN__MAX };  // Values for m_scopeAliasMap

private:
    // TYPES
    typedef std::multimap<string, VSymEnt*> NameScopeSymMap;
    typedef std::map<VSymEnt*, VSymEnt*> ScopeAliasMap;
    typedef std::set<std::pair<AstNodeModule*, string>> ImplicitNameSet;
    typedef std::vector<VSymEnt*> IfaceVarSyms;
    typedef std::vector<std::pair<AstIface*, VSymEnt*>> IfaceModSyms;

    static LinkDotState* s_errorThisp;  // Last self, for error reporting only

    // MEMBERS
    VSymGraph m_syms;  // Symbol table
    VSymEnt* m_dunitEntp;  // $unit entry
    NameScopeSymMap m_nameScopeSymMap;  // Map of scope referenced by non-pretty textual name
    ImplicitNameSet m_implicitNameSet;  // For [module][signalname] if we can implicitly create it
    ScopeAliasMap m_scopeAliasMap[SAMN__MAX];  // Map of <lhs,rhs> aliases
    IfaceVarSyms m_ifaceVarSyms;  // List of AstIfaceRefDType's to be imported
    IfaceModSyms m_ifaceModSyms;  // List of AstIface+Symbols to be processed
    bool m_forPrimary;  // First link
    bool m_forPrearray;  // Compress cell__[array] refs
    bool m_forScopeCreation;  // Remove VarXRefs for V3Scope

public:
    // METHODS
    VL_DEBUG_FUNC;  // Declare debug()
    void dump(const string& nameComment = "linkdot", bool force = false) {
        if (debug() >= 6 || force) {
            string filename = v3Global.debugFilename(nameComment) + ".txt";
            const std::unique_ptr<std::ofstream> logp(V3File::new_ofstream(filename));
            if (logp->fail()) v3fatal("Can't write " << filename);
            std::ostream& os = *logp;
            m_syms.dump(os);
            bool first = true;
            for (int samn = 0; samn < SAMN__MAX; ++samn) {
                if (!m_scopeAliasMap[samn].empty()) {
                    if (first) os << "\nScopeAliasMap:\n";
                    first = false;
                    for (ScopeAliasMap::iterator it = m_scopeAliasMap[samn].begin();
                         it != m_scopeAliasMap[samn].end(); ++it) {
                        // left side is what we will import into
                        os << "\t" << samn << "\t" << it->first << " ("
                           << it->first->nodep()->typeName() << ") <- " << it->second << " "
                           << it->second->nodep() << endl;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    static void preErrorDumpHandler() {
        if (s_errorThisp) s_errorThisp->preErrorDump();
    }
    void preErrorDump() {
        static bool diddump = false;
        if (!diddump && v3Global.opt.dumpTree()) {
            diddump = true;
            dump("linkdot-preerr", true);
            v3Global.rootp()->dumpTreeFile(v3Global.debugFilename("linkdot-preerr.tree"));
        }
    }

    // CONSTRUCTORS
    LinkDotState(AstNetlist* rootp, VLinkDotStep step)
        : m_syms{rootp} {
        UINFO(4, __FUNCTION__ << ": " << endl);
        m_forPrimary = (step == LDS_PRIMARY);
        m_forPrearray = (step == LDS_PARAMED || step == LDS_PRIMARY);
        m_forScopeCreation = (step == LDS_SCOPED);
        m_dunitEntp = nullptr;
        s_errorThisp = this;
        V3Error::errorExitCb(preErrorDumpHandler);  // If get error, dump self
    }
    ~LinkDotState() {
        V3Error::errorExitCb(nullptr);
        s_errorThisp = nullptr;
    }

    // ACCESSORS
    VSymGraph* symsp() { return &m_syms; }
    bool forPrimary() const { return m_forPrimary; }
    bool forPrearray() const { return m_forPrearray; }
    bool forScopeCreation() const { return m_forScopeCreation; }

    // METHODS
    static string nodeTextType(AstNode* nodep) {
        if (VN_IS(nodep, Var)) {
            return "variable";
        } else if (VN_IS(nodep, Cell)) {
            return "cell";
        } else if (VN_IS(nodep, Task)) {
            return "task";
        } else if (VN_IS(nodep, Func)) {
            return "function";
        } else if (VN_IS(nodep, Begin)) {
            return "block";
        } else if (VN_IS(nodep, Iface)) {
            return "interface";
        } else if (VN_IS(nodep, ParamTypeDType)) {
            return "parameter type";
        } else {
            return nodep->prettyTypeName();
        }
    }

    VSymEnt* rootEntp() const { return m_syms.rootp(); }
    VSymEnt* dunitEntp() const { return m_dunitEntp; }
    void checkDuplicate(VSymEnt* lookupSymp, AstNode* nodep, const string& name) {
        // Lookup the given name under current symbol table
        // Insert if not found
        // Report error if there's a duplicate
        //
        // Note we only check for conflicts at the same level; it's ok if one block hides another
        // We also wouldn't want to not insert it even though it's lower down
        VSymEnt* foundp = lookupSymp->findIdFlat(name);
        AstNode* fnodep = foundp ? foundp->nodep() : nullptr;
        if (!fnodep) {
            // Not found, will add in a moment.
        } else if (nodep == fnodep) {  // Already inserted.
            // Good.
        } else if (foundp->imported()) {  // From package
            // We don't throw VARHIDDEN as if the import is later the symbol
            // table's import wouldn't warn
        } else if (VN_IS(nodep, Begin) && VN_IS(fnodep, Begin)
                   && VN_CAST(nodep, Begin)->generate()) {
            // Begin: ... blocks often replicate under genif/genfor, so simply
            // suppress duplicate checks.  See t_gen_forif.v for an example.
        } else {
            UINFO(4, "name " << name << endl);  // Not always same as nodep->name
            UINFO(4, "Var1 " << nodep << endl);
            UINFO(4, "Var2 " << fnodep << endl);
            if (nodep->type() == fnodep->type()) {
                nodep->v3error("Duplicate declaration of "
                               << nodeTextType(fnodep) << ": " << nodep->prettyNameQ() << endl
                               << nodep->warnContextPrimary() << endl
                               << fnodep->warnOther() << "... Location of original declaration\n"
                               << fnodep->warnContextSecondary());
            } else {
                nodep->v3error("Unsupported in C: "
                               << ucfirst(nodeTextType(nodep)) << " has the same name as "
                               << nodeTextType(fnodep) << ": " << nodep->prettyNameQ() << endl
                               << nodep->warnContextPrimary() << endl
                               << fnodep->warnOther() << "... Location of original declaration\n"
                               << fnodep->warnContextSecondary());
            }
        }
    }
    void insertDUnit(AstNetlist* nodep) {
        // $unit on top scope
        VSymEnt* symp = new VSymEnt(&m_syms, nodep);
        UINFO(9, "      INSERTdunit se" << cvtToHex(symp) << endl);
        symp->parentp(rootEntp());  // Needed so backward search can find name of top module
        symp->fallbackp(nullptr);
        rootEntp()->insert("$unit ", symp);  // Space so can never name conflict with user code
        //
        UASSERT_OBJ(!m_dunitEntp, nodep, "Call insertDUnit only once");
        m_dunitEntp = symp;
    }
    VSymEnt* insertTopCell(AstNodeModule* nodep, const string& scopename) {
        // Only called on the module at the very top of the hierarchy
        VSymEnt* symp = new VSymEnt(&m_syms, nodep);
        UINFO(9,
              "      INSERTtop se" << cvtToHex(symp) << "  " << scopename << " " << nodep << endl);
        symp->parentp(rootEntp());  // Needed so backward search can find name of top module
        symp->fallbackp(dunitEntp());  // Needed so can find $unit stuff
        nodep->user1p(symp);
        checkDuplicate(rootEntp(), nodep, nodep->origName());
        rootEntp()->insert(nodep->origName(), symp);
        if (forScopeCreation()) m_nameScopeSymMap.insert(make_pair(scopename, symp));
        return symp;
    }
    VSymEnt* insertCell(VSymEnt* abovep, VSymEnt* modSymp, AstCell* nodep,
                        const string& scopename) {
        UASSERT_OBJ(abovep, nodep, "Null symbol table inserting node");
        VSymEnt* symp = new VSymEnt(&m_syms, nodep);
        UINFO(9, "      INSERTcel se" << cvtToHex(symp) << "  " << scopename << " above=se"
                                      << cvtToHex(abovep) << " mods=se" << cvtToHex(modSymp)
                                      << " node=" << nodep << endl);
        symp->parentp(abovep);
        symp->fallbackp(dunitEntp());  // Needed so can find $unit stuff
        nodep->user1p(symp);
        if (nodep->modp()) nodep->modp()->user1p(symp);
        checkDuplicate(abovep, nodep, nodep->origName());
        abovep->reinsert(nodep->origName(), symp);
        if (forScopeCreation() && abovep != modSymp && !modSymp->findIdFlat(nodep->name())) {
            // If it's foo_DOT_bar, we need to be able to find it under "foo_DOT_bar" too.
            // Duplicates are possible, as until resolve generates might
            // have 2 same cells under an if
            modSymp->reinsert(nodep->name(), symp);
        }
        if (forScopeCreation()) m_nameScopeSymMap.insert(make_pair(scopename, symp));
        return symp;
    }
    void insertMap(VSymEnt* symp, const string& scopename) {
        if (forScopeCreation()) m_nameScopeSymMap.insert(make_pair(scopename, symp));
    }

    VSymEnt* insertInline(VSymEnt* abovep, VSymEnt* modSymp, AstCellInline* nodep,
                          const string& basename) {
        // A fake point in the hierarchy, corresponding to an inlined module
        // This references to another Sym, and eventually resolves to a module with a prefix
        UASSERT_OBJ(abovep, nodep, "Null symbol table inserting node");
        VSymEnt* symp = new VSymEnt(&m_syms, nodep);
        UINFO(9, "      INSERTinl se" << cvtToHex(symp) << "  " << basename << " above=se"
                                      << cvtToHex(abovep) << " mods=se" << cvtToHex(modSymp)
                                      << " node=" << nodep << endl);
        symp->parentp(abovep);
        symp->fallbackp(modSymp);
        symp->symPrefix(nodep->name() + "__DOT__");
        nodep->user1p(symp);
        checkDuplicate(abovep, nodep, nodep->name());
        abovep->reinsert(basename, symp);
        if (abovep != modSymp && !modSymp->findIdFlat(nodep->name())) {
            // If it's foo_DOT_bar, we need to be able to find it under that too.
            modSymp->reinsert(nodep->name(), symp);
        }
        return symp;
    }
    VSymEnt* insertBlock(VSymEnt* abovep, const string& name, AstNode* nodep,
                         AstNodeModule* packagep) {
        // A fake point in the hierarchy, corresponding to a begin or function/task block
        // After we remove begins these will go away
        // Note we fallback to the symbol table of the parent, as we want to find variables there
        // However, cells walk the graph, so cells will appear under the begin/ftask itself
        UASSERT_OBJ(abovep, nodep, "Null symbol table inserting node");
        VSymEnt* symp = new VSymEnt(&m_syms, nodep);
        UINFO(9, "      INSERTblk se" << cvtToHex(symp) << "  above=se" << cvtToHex(abovep)
                                      << "  node=" << nodep << endl);
        symp->parentp(abovep);
        symp->packagep(packagep);
        symp->fallbackp(abovep);
        nodep->user1p(symp);
        if (name != "") { checkDuplicate(abovep, nodep, name); }
        // Duplicates are possible, as until resolve generates might have 2 same cells under an if
        abovep->reinsert(name, symp);
        return symp;
    }
    VSymEnt* insertSym(VSymEnt* abovep, const string& name, AstNode* nodep,
                       AstNodeModule* packagep) {
        UASSERT_OBJ(abovep, nodep, "Null symbol table inserting node");
        VSymEnt* symp = new VSymEnt(&m_syms, nodep);
        UINFO(9, "      INSERTsym se" << cvtToHex(symp) << "  name='" << name << "' above=se"
                                      << cvtToHex(abovep) << "  node=" << nodep << endl);
        // We don't remember the ent associated with each node, because we
        // need a unique scope entry for each instantiation
        symp->packagep(packagep);
        symp->parentp(abovep);
        symp->fallbackp(abovep);
        nodep->user1p(symp);
        checkDuplicate(abovep, nodep, name);
        abovep->reinsert(name, symp);
        return symp;
    }
    static bool existsModScope(AstNodeModule* nodep) { return nodep->user1p() != nullptr; }
    static VSymEnt* getNodeSym(AstNode* nodep) {
        // Don't use this in ResolveVisitor, as we need to pick up the proper
        // reference under each SCOPE
        VSymEnt* symp = nodep->user1u().toSymEnt();
        UASSERT_OBJ(symp, nodep, "Module/etc never assigned a symbol entry?");
        return symp;
    }
    VSymEnt* getScopeSym(AstScope* nodep) {
        const auto it = m_nameScopeSymMap.find(nodep->name());
        UASSERT_OBJ(it != m_nameScopeSymMap.end(), nodep,
                    "Scope never assigned a symbol entry '" << nodep->name() << "'");
        return it->second;
    }
    void implicitOkAdd(AstNodeModule* nodep, const string& varname) {
        // Mark the given variable name as being allowed to be implicitly declared
        if (nodep) {
            const auto it = m_implicitNameSet.find(make_pair(nodep, varname));
            if (it == m_implicitNameSet.end()) {
                m_implicitNameSet.insert(make_pair(nodep, varname));
            }
        }
    }
    bool implicitOk(AstNodeModule* nodep, const string& varname) {
        return nodep
               && (m_implicitNameSet.find(make_pair(nodep, varname)) != m_implicitNameSet.end());
    }

    // Track and later recurse interface modules
    void insertIfaceModSym(AstIface* nodep, VSymEnt* symp) {
        m_ifaceModSyms.push_back(make_pair(nodep, symp));
    }
    void computeIfaceModSyms();

    // Track and later insert interface references
    void insertIfaceVarSym(VSymEnt* symp) {  // Where sym is for a VAR of dtype IFACEREFDTYPE
        m_ifaceVarSyms.push_back(symp);
    }
    // Iface for a raw or arrayed iface
    static AstIfaceRefDType* ifaceRefFromArray(AstNodeDType* nodep) {
        AstIfaceRefDType* ifacerefp = VN_CAST(nodep, IfaceRefDType);
        if (!ifacerefp) {
            if (AstBracketArrayDType* arrp = VN_CAST(nodep, BracketArrayDType)) {
                ifacerefp = VN_CAST(arrp->subDTypep(), IfaceRefDType);
            } else if (AstUnpackArrayDType* arrp = VN_CAST(nodep, UnpackArrayDType)) {
                ifacerefp = VN_CAST(arrp->subDTypep(), IfaceRefDType);
            }
        }
        return ifacerefp;
    }
    void computeIfaceVarSyms() {
        for (VSymEnt* varSymp : m_ifaceVarSyms) {
            AstVar* varp = varSymp ? VN_CAST(varSymp->nodep(), Var) : nullptr;
            UINFO(9, "  insAllIface se" << cvtToHex(varSymp) << " " << varp << endl);
            AstIfaceRefDType* ifacerefp = ifaceRefFromArray(varp->subDTypep());
            UASSERT_OBJ(ifacerefp, varp, "Non-ifacerefs on list!");
            if (!ifacerefp->ifaceViaCellp()) {
                if (!ifacerefp->cellp()) {  // Probably a NotFoundModule, or a normal module if
                                            // made mistake
                    UINFO(1, "Associated cell " << AstNode::prettyNameQ(ifacerefp->cellName())
                                                << endl);
                    ifacerefp->v3error("Cannot find file containing interface: "
                                       << AstNode::prettyNameQ(ifacerefp->ifaceName()));
                    continue;
                } else {
                    ifacerefp->v3fatalSrc("Unlinked interface");
                }
            } else if (ifacerefp->ifaceViaCellp()->dead()) {
                ifacerefp->v3error("Parent cell's interface is not found: "
                                   << AstNode::prettyNameQ(ifacerefp->ifaceName()));
                continue;
            }
            VSymEnt* ifaceSymp = getNodeSym(ifacerefp->ifaceViaCellp());
            VSymEnt* ifOrPortSymp = ifaceSymp;
            // Link Modport names to the Modport Node under the Interface
            if (ifacerefp->isModport()) {
                VSymEnt* foundp = ifaceSymp->findIdFallback(ifacerefp->modportName());
                bool ok = false;
                if (foundp) {
                    if (AstModport* modportp = VN_CAST(foundp->nodep(), Modport)) {
                        UINFO(4, "Link Modport: " << modportp << endl);
                        ifacerefp->modportp(modportp);
                        ifOrPortSymp = foundp;
                        ok = true;
                    }
                }
                if (!ok) {
                    string suggest = suggestSymFallback(ifaceSymp, ifacerefp->modportName(),
                                                        LinkNodeMatcherModport());
                    ifacerefp->modportFileline()->v3error(
                        "Modport not found under interface "
                        << ifacerefp->prettyNameQ(ifacerefp->ifaceName()) << ": "
                        << ifacerefp->prettyNameQ(ifacerefp->modportName()) << endl
                        << (suggest.empty() ? "" : ifacerefp->warnMore() + suggest));
                }
            }
            // Alias won't expand until interfaces and modport names are known; see notes at top
            insertScopeAlias(SAMN_IFTOP, varSymp, ifOrPortSymp);
        }
        m_ifaceVarSyms.clear();
    }

    void insertScopeAlias(SAMNum samn, VSymEnt* lhsp, VSymEnt* rhsp) {
        // Track and later insert scope aliases; an interface referenced by
        // a child cell connecting to that interface
        // Typically lhsp=VAR w/dtype IFACEREF, rhsp=IFACE cell
        UINFO(9, "   insertScopeAlias se" << cvtToHex(lhsp) << " se" << cvtToHex(rhsp) << endl);
        UASSERT_OBJ(
            !(VN_IS(rhsp->nodep(), Cell) && !VN_IS(VN_CAST(rhsp->nodep(), Cell)->modp(), Iface)),
            rhsp->nodep(), "Got a non-IFACE alias RHS");
        m_scopeAliasMap[samn].insert(make_pair(lhsp, rhsp));
    }
    void computeScopeAliases() {
        UINFO(9, "computeIfaceAliases\n");
        for (int samn = 0; samn < SAMN__MAX; ++samn) {
            for (ScopeAliasMap::iterator it = m_scopeAliasMap[samn].begin();
                 it != m_scopeAliasMap[samn].end(); ++it) {
                VSymEnt* lhsp = it->first;
                VSymEnt* srcp = lhsp;
                while (true) {  // Follow chain of aliases up to highest level non-alias
                    const auto it2 = m_scopeAliasMap[samn].find(srcp);
                    if (it2 != m_scopeAliasMap[samn].end()) {
                        srcp = it2->second;
                        continue;
                    } else
                        break;
                }
                UINFO(9, "  iiasa: Insert alias se" << lhsp << " (" << lhsp->nodep()->typeName()
                                                    << ") <- se" << srcp << " " << srcp->nodep()
                                                    << endl);
                // srcp should be an interface reference pointing to the interface we want to
                // import
                lhsp->importFromIface(symsp(), srcp);
                // Allow access to objects not permissible to be listed in a modport
                if (VN_IS(srcp->nodep(), Modport)) {
                    lhsp->importFromIface(symsp(), srcp->parentp(), true);
                }
            }
            // m_scopeAliasMap[samn].clear();  // Done with it, but put into debug file
        }
    }

private:
    VSymEnt* findWithAltFallback(VSymEnt* symp, const string& name, const string& altname) {
        VSymEnt* findp = symp->findIdFallback(name);
        if (findp) return findp;
        if (altname != "") {
            UINFO(8, "     alt fallback\n");
            findp = symp->findIdFallback(altname);
        }
        return findp;
    }

public:
    VSymEnt* findDotted(FileLine* refLocationp, VSymEnt* lookupSymp, const string& dotname,
                        string& baddot, VSymEnt*& okSymp) {
        // Given a dotted hierarchy name, return where in scope it is
        // Note when dotname=="" we just fall through and return lookupSymp
        UINFO(8, "    dottedFind se" << cvtToHex(lookupSymp) << " '" << dotname << "'" << endl);
        bool firstId = true;
        string leftname = dotname;
        okSymp = lookupSymp;  // So can list bad scopes
        while (leftname != "") {  // foreach dotted part of xref name
            string::size_type pos;
            string ident;
            if ((pos = leftname.find('.')) != string::npos) {
                ident = leftname.substr(0, pos);
                leftname = leftname.substr(pos + 1);
            } else {
                ident = leftname;
                leftname = "";
            }
            baddot = ident;  // So user can see where they botched it
            okSymp = lookupSymp;
            string altIdent;
            if (m_forPrearray) {
                // GENFOR Begin is foo__BRA__##__KET__ after we've genloop unrolled,
                // but presently should be just "foo".
                // Likewise cell foo__[array] before we've expanded arrays is just foo
                if ((pos = ident.rfind("__BRA__")) != string::npos) {
                    altIdent = ident.substr(0, pos);
                }
            }
            UINFO(8, "         id " << ident << " alt " << altIdent << " left " << leftname
                                    << " at se" << lookupSymp << endl);
            // Spec says; Look at existing module (cellnames then modname),
            // then look up (inst name or modname)
            if (firstId) {
                // Check this module - subcellnames
                AstCell* cellp = lookupSymp ? VN_CAST(lookupSymp->nodep(), Cell)
                                            : nullptr;  // Replicated below
                AstCellInline* inlinep = lookupSymp ? VN_CAST(lookupSymp->nodep(), CellInline)
                                                    : nullptr;  // Replicated below
                if (VSymEnt* findSymp = findWithAltFallback(lookupSymp, ident, altIdent)) {
                    lookupSymp = findSymp;
                }
                // Check this module - cur modname
                else if ((cellp && cellp->modp()->origName() == ident)
                         || (inlinep && inlinep->origModName() == ident)) {
                }
                // $root we walk up to Netlist
                else if (ident == "$root") {
                    lookupSymp = rootEntp();
                    // We've added TOP module, now everything else is one lower
                    if (!m_forPrearray) {
                        VSymEnt* topSymp = lookupSymp->findIdFlat("TOP");
                        if (!topSymp) {
                            topSymp->nodep()->v3fatalSrc("TOP not found under netlist for $root");
                        }
                        lookupSymp = topSymp;
                    }
                }
                // Move up and check cellname + modname
                else {
                    bool crossedCell = false;  // Crossed a cell boundary
                    while (lookupSymp) {
                        lookupSymp = lookupSymp->parentp();
                        cellp = lookupSymp ? VN_CAST(lookupSymp->nodep(), Cell)
                                           : nullptr;  // Replicated above
                        inlinep = lookupSymp ? VN_CAST(lookupSymp->nodep(), CellInline)
                                             : nullptr;  // Replicated above
                        if (lookupSymp) {
                            UINFO(9, "    Up to " << lookupSymp << endl);
                            if (cellp || inlinep) crossedCell = true;
                            if ((cellp && cellp->modp()->origName() == ident)
                                || (inlinep && inlinep->origModName() == ident)) {
                                break;
                            } else if (VSymEnt* findSymp
                                       = findWithAltFallback(lookupSymp, ident, altIdent)) {
                                lookupSymp = findSymp;
                                if (crossedCell && VN_IS(lookupSymp->nodep(), Var)) {
                                    UINFO(9, "    Not found but matches var name in parent "
                                                 << lookupSymp << endl);
                                    return nullptr;
                                }
                                break;
                            }
                        } else
                            break;
                    }
                    if (!lookupSymp) return nullptr;  // Not found
                }
            } else {  // Searching for middle submodule, must be a cell name
                if (VSymEnt* findSymp = findWithAltFallback(lookupSymp, ident, altIdent)) {
                    lookupSymp = findSymp;
                } else {
                    return nullptr;  // Not found
                }
            }
            if (lookupSymp) {
                if (AstCell* cellp = VN_CAST(lookupSymp->nodep(), Cell)) {
                    if (AstNodeModule* modp = cellp->modp()) {
                        if (modp->hierBlock()) {
                            refLocationp->v3error("Cannot access inside hierarchical block");
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            firstId = false;
        }
        return lookupSymp;
    }

    static string removeLastInlineScope(const string& name) {
        string out = name;
        string dot = "__DOT__";
        size_t dotPos = out.rfind(dot, out.size() - dot.length() - 2);
        if (dotPos == string::npos) {
            return "";
        } else {
            return out.erase(dotPos + dot.length(), string::npos);
        }
    }

    VSymEnt* findSymPrefixed(VSymEnt* lookupSymp, const string& dotname, string& baddot) {
        // Find symbol in given point in hierarchy, allowing prefix (post-Inline)
        // For simplicity lookupSymp may be passed nullptr result from findDotted
        if (!lookupSymp) return nullptr;
        UINFO(8, "    findSymPrefixed "
                     << dotname << " under se" << cvtToHex(lookupSymp)
                     << ((lookupSymp->symPrefix() == "") ? "" : " as ")
                     << ((lookupSymp->symPrefix() == "") ? "" : lookupSymp->symPrefix() + dotname)
                     << "  at se" << lookupSymp << endl);
        string prefix = lookupSymp->symPrefix();
        VSymEnt* foundp = nullptr;
        while (!foundp) {
            foundp = lookupSymp->findIdFallback(prefix + dotname);  // Might be nullptr
            if (prefix.empty()) break;
            string nextPrefix = removeLastInlineScope(prefix);
            if (prefix == nextPrefix) break;
        }
        if (!foundp) baddot = dotname;
        return foundp;
    }
    string suggestSymFallback(VSymEnt* lookupSymp, const string& name,
                              const VNodeMatcher& matcher) {
        // Suggest alternative symbol in given point in hierarchy
        // Does not support inline, as we find user-level errors before inlining
        // For simplicity lookupSymp may be passed nullptr result from findDotted
        if (!lookupSymp) return "";
        VSpellCheck speller;
        lookupSymp->candidateIdFallback(&speller, &matcher);
        return speller.bestCandidateMsg(name);
    }
    string suggestSymFlat(VSymEnt* lookupSymp, const string& name, const VNodeMatcher& matcher) {
        if (!lookupSymp) return "";
        VSpellCheck speller;
        lookupSymp->candidateIdFlat(&speller, &matcher);
        return speller.bestCandidateMsg(name);
    }
};

LinkDotState* LinkDotState::s_errorThisp = nullptr;

//======================================================================

class LinkDotFindVisitor : public AstNVisitor {
    // STATE
    LinkDotState* m_statep;  // State to pass between visitors, including symbol table
    AstNodeModule* m_packagep = nullptr;  // Current package
    VSymEnt* m_modSymp = nullptr;  // Symbol Entry for current module
    VSymEnt* m_curSymp = nullptr;  // Symbol Entry for current table, where to lookup/insert
    string m_scope;  // Scope text
    AstNodeBlock* m_blockp = nullptr;  // Current Begin/end block
    AstNodeFTask* m_ftaskp = nullptr;  // Current function/task
    bool m_inRecursion = false;  // Inside a recursive module
    int m_paramNum = 0;  // Parameter number, for position based connection
    int m_blockNum = 0;  // Begin block number, 0=none seen
    bool m_explicitNew = false;  // Hit a "new" function
    int m_modBlockNum = 0;  // Begin block number in module, 0=none seen
    int m_modWithNum = 0;  // With block number, 0=none seen

    // METHODS
    static int debug() { return LinkDotState::debug(); }

    void makeImplicitNew(AstClass* nodep) {
        AstFunc* newp = new AstFunc(nodep->fileline(), "new", nullptr, nullptr);
        newp->isConstructor(true);
        nodep->addMembersp(newp);
        UINFO(8, "Made implicit new for " << nodep->name() << ": " << nodep << endl);
        m_statep->insertBlock(m_curSymp, newp->name(), newp, m_packagep);
    }

    bool isHierBlockWrapper(const string& name) const {
        const V3HierBlockOptSet& hierBlocks = v3Global.opt.hierBlocks();
        return hierBlocks.find(name) != hierBlocks.end();
    }

    // VISITs
    virtual void visit(AstNetlist* nodep) override {
        // Process $unit or other packages
        // Not needed - dotted references not allowed from inside packages
        // for (AstNodeModule* nodep = v3Global.rootp()->modulesp();
        //     nodep; nodep=VN_CAST(nodep->nextp(), NodeModule)) {
        //    if (VN_IS(nodep, Package)) {}}

        m_statep->insertDUnit(nodep);

        // First back iterate, to find all packages. Backward as must do base
        // packages before using packages
        iterateChildrenBackwards(nodep);

        // The first modules in the list are always the top modules
        // (sorted before this is called).
        // This may not be the module with isTop() set, as early in the steps,
        // wrapTop may have not been created yet.
        if (!nodep->modulesp()) nodep->v3error("No top level module found");
        for (AstNodeModule* modp = nodep->modulesp(); modp && modp->level() <= 2;
             modp = VN_CAST(modp->nextp(), NodeModule)) {
            UINFO(8, "Top Module: " << modp << endl);
            m_scope = "TOP";
            m_curSymp = m_modSymp = m_statep->insertTopCell(modp, m_scope);
            { iterate(modp); }
            m_scope = "";
            m_curSymp = m_modSymp = nullptr;
        }
    }
    virtual void visit(AstTypeTable*) override {}
    virtual void visit(AstNodeModule* nodep) override {
        // Called on top module from Netlist, other modules from the cell creating them,
        // and packages
        UINFO(8, "   " << nodep << endl);
        // m_curSymp/m_modSymp maybe nullptr for packages and non-top modules
        // Packages will be under top after the initial phases, but until then
        // need separate handling
        bool standalonePkg = !m_modSymp && (m_statep->forPrearray() && VN_IS(nodep, Package));
        bool doit = (m_modSymp || standalonePkg);
        VL_RESTORER(m_scope);
        VL_RESTORER(m_modSymp);
        VL_RESTORER(m_curSymp);
        VL_RESTORER(m_paramNum);
        VL_RESTORER(m_blockNum);
        VL_RESTORER(m_modBlockNum);
        VL_RESTORER(m_modWithNum);
        if (doit && nodep->user2()) {
            nodep->v3warn(E_UNSUPPORTED,
                          "Unsupported: Identically recursive module (module instantiates "
                          "itself, without changing parameters): "
                              << AstNode::prettyNameQ(nodep->origName()));
        } else if (doit) {
            UINFO(4, "     Link Module: " << nodep << endl);
            UASSERT_OBJ(!nodep->dead(), nodep, "Module in cell tree mislabeled as dead?");
            VSymEnt* upperSymp = m_curSymp ? m_curSymp : m_statep->rootEntp();
            AstPackage* pkgp = VN_CAST(nodep, Package);
            m_packagep = pkgp;
            if (standalonePkg) {
                if (pkgp->isDollarUnit()) {
                    m_curSymp = m_modSymp = m_statep->dunitEntp();
                    nodep->user1p(m_curSymp);
                } else {
                    m_scope = nodep->name();
                    m_curSymp = m_modSymp = m_statep->insertBlock(
                        upperSymp, nodep->name() + "::", nodep, m_packagep);
                    UINFO(9, "New module scope " << m_curSymp << endl);
                }
            }
            //
            m_paramNum = 0;
            m_blockNum = 0;
            m_modBlockNum = 0;
            m_modWithNum = 0;
            // m_modSymp/m_curSymp for non-packages set by AstCell above this module
            // Iterate
            nodep->user2(true);
            iterateChildren(nodep);
            nodep->user2(false);
            nodep->user4(true);
            // Interfaces need another pass when signals are resolved
            if (AstIface* ifacep = VN_CAST(nodep, Iface)) {
                m_statep->insertIfaceModSym(ifacep, m_curSymp);
            }
        } else if (isHierBlockWrapper(nodep->name())) {
            UINFO(5, "Module is hierarchical block, must not be dead: " << nodep << endl);
            m_scope = nodep->name();
            VSymEnt* upperSymp = m_curSymp ? m_curSymp : m_statep->rootEntp();
            m_curSymp = m_modSymp
                = m_statep->insertBlock(upperSymp, nodep->name() + "::", nodep, m_packagep);
            iterateChildren(nodep);
            nodep->user4(true);
        } else {  // !doit
            // Will be optimized away later
            // Can't remove now, as our backwards iterator will throw up
            UINFO(5, "Module not under any CELL or top - dead module: " << nodep << endl);
        }
        // Prep for next
        m_packagep = nullptr;
    }
    virtual void visit(AstClass* nodep) override {
        UASSERT_OBJ(m_curSymp, nodep, "Class not under module/package/$unit");
        UINFO(8, "   " << nodep << endl);
        VL_RESTORER(m_scope);
        VL_RESTORER(m_modSymp);
        VL_RESTORER(m_curSymp);
        VL_RESTORER(m_paramNum);
        VL_RESTORER(m_blockNum);
        VL_RESTORER(m_modBlockNum);
        VL_RESTORER(m_modWithNum);
        {
            UINFO(4, "     Link Class: " << nodep << endl);
            VSymEnt* upperSymp = m_curSymp;
            m_scope = m_scope + "." + nodep->name();
            m_curSymp = m_modSymp
                = m_statep->insertBlock(upperSymp, nodep->name(), nodep, m_packagep);
            m_statep->insertMap(m_curSymp, m_scope);
            UINFO(9, "New module scope " << m_curSymp << endl);
            //
            m_paramNum = 0;
            m_blockNum = 0;
            m_modBlockNum = 0;
            m_modWithNum = 0;
            m_explicitNew = false;
            // m_modSymp/m_curSymp for non-packages set by AstCell above this module
            // Iterate
            iterateChildren(nodep);
            nodep->user4(true);
            // Implicit new needed?
            if (!m_explicitNew && m_statep->forPrimary()) makeImplicitNew(nodep);
        }
    }
    virtual void visit(AstScope* nodep) override {
        UASSERT_OBJ(m_statep->forScopeCreation(), nodep,
                    "Scopes should only exist right after V3Scope");
        // Ignored.  Processed in next step
    }
    virtual void visit(AstCell* nodep) override {
        UINFO(5, "   CELL under " << m_scope << " is " << nodep << endl);
        // Process XREFs/etc inside pins
        if (nodep->recursive() && m_inRecursion) return;
        iterateChildren(nodep);
        // Recurse in, preserving state
        VL_RESTORER(m_scope);
        VL_RESTORER(m_blockp);
        VL_RESTORER(m_modSymp);
        VL_RESTORER(m_curSymp);
        VL_RESTORER(m_paramNum);
        VL_RESTORER(m_inRecursion);
        // Where do we add it?
        VSymEnt* aboveSymp = m_curSymp;
        string origname = AstNode::dedotName(nodep->name());
        string::size_type pos;
        if ((pos = origname.rfind('.')) != string::npos) {
            // Flattened, find what CellInline it should live under
            string scope = origname.substr(0, pos);
            string baddot;
            VSymEnt* okSymp;
            aboveSymp = m_statep->findDotted(nodep->fileline(), aboveSymp, scope, baddot, okSymp);
            UASSERT_OBJ(aboveSymp, nodep,
                        "Can't find cell insertion point at " << AstNode::prettyNameQ(baddot)
                                                              << " in: " << nodep->prettyNameQ());
        }
        {
            m_scope = m_scope + "." + nodep->name();
            m_curSymp = m_modSymp = m_statep->insertCell(aboveSymp, m_modSymp, nodep, m_scope);
            m_blockp = nullptr;
            m_inRecursion = nodep->recursive();
            // We don't report NotFoundModule, as may be a unused module in a generate
            if (nodep->modp()) iterate(nodep->modp());
        }
    }
    virtual void visit(AstCellInline* nodep) override {
        UINFO(5, "   CELLINLINE under " << m_scope << " is " << nodep << endl);
        VSymEnt* aboveSymp = m_curSymp;
        // If baz__DOT__foo__DOT__bar, we need to find baz__DOT__foo and add bar to it.
        string dottedname = nodep->name();
        string::size_type pos;
        if ((pos = dottedname.rfind("__DOT__")) != string::npos) {
            string dotted = dottedname.substr(0, pos);
            string ident = dottedname.substr(pos + strlen("__DOT__"));
            string baddot;
            VSymEnt* okSymp;
            aboveSymp = m_statep->findDotted(nodep->fileline(), aboveSymp, dotted, baddot, okSymp);
            UASSERT_OBJ(aboveSymp, nodep,
                        "Can't find cellinline insertion point at "
                            << AstNode::prettyNameQ(baddot) << " in: " << nodep->prettyNameQ());
            m_statep->insertInline(aboveSymp, m_modSymp, nodep, ident);
        } else {  // No __DOT__, just directly underneath
            m_statep->insertInline(aboveSymp, m_modSymp, nodep, nodep->name());
        }
    }
    virtual void visit(AstDefParam* nodep) override {
        nodep->user1p(m_curSymp);
        iterateChildren(nodep);
    }
    virtual void visit(AstNodeBlock* nodep) override {
        UINFO(5, "   " << nodep << endl);
        // Rename "genblk"s to include a number
        if (m_statep->forPrimary() && !nodep->user4SetOnce()) {
            if (nodep->name() == "genblk") {
                ++m_blockNum;
                nodep->name(nodep->name() + cvtToStr(m_blockNum));
            }
        }
        // All blocks are numbered in the standard, IE we start with "genblk1" even if only one.
        if (nodep->name() == "" && nodep->unnamed()) {
            // Unnamed blocks are only important when they contain var
            // decls, so search for them. (Otherwise adding all the
            // unnamed#'s would just confuse tracing variables in
            // places such as tasks, where "task ...; begin ... end"
            // are common.
            for (AstNode* stmtp = nodep->stmtsp(); stmtp; stmtp = stmtp->nextp()) {
                if (VN_IS(stmtp, Var)) {
                    ++m_modBlockNum;
                    nodep->name("unnamedblk" + cvtToStr(m_modBlockNum));
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        if (nodep->name() == "") {
            iterateChildren(nodep);
        } else {
            VL_RESTORER(m_blockNum);
            VL_RESTORER(m_blockp);
            VL_RESTORER(m_curSymp);
            VSymEnt* const oldCurSymp = m_curSymp;
            {
                m_blockNum = 0;
                m_blockp = nodep;
                m_curSymp = m_statep->insertBlock(m_curSymp, nodep->name(), nodep, m_packagep);
                m_curSymp->fallbackp(oldCurSymp);
                // Iterate
                iterateChildren(nodep);
            }
        }
    }
    virtual void visit(AstNodeFTask* nodep) override {
        // NodeTask: Remember its name for later resolution
        UINFO(5, "   " << nodep << endl);
        UASSERT_OBJ(m_curSymp && m_modSymp, nodep, "Function/Task not under module?");
        if (nodep->name() == "new") m_explicitNew = true;
        // Remember the existing symbol table scope
        VL_RESTORER(m_curSymp);
        VSymEnt* const oldCurSymp = m_curSymp;
        {
            // Change to appropriate package if extern declaration (vs definition)
            if (nodep->packagep()) {
                AstClassOrPackageRef* cpackagerefp = VN_CAST(nodep->packagep(), ClassOrPackageRef);
                if (!cpackagerefp) {
                    nodep->v3warn(E_UNSUPPORTED,
                                  "Unsupported: extern function definition with class-in-class");
                } else {
                    AstClass* classp = VN_CAST(cpackagerefp->classOrPackagep(), Class);
                    if (!classp) {
                        nodep->v3error("Extern declaration's scope is not a defined class");
                    } else {
                        m_curSymp = m_statep->getNodeSym(classp);
                        if (!nodep->isExternDef()) {
                            // Move it to proper spot under the target class
                            nodep->unlinkFrBack();
                            classp->addStmtp(nodep);
                            nodep->isExternDef(true);  // So we check there's a matching extern
                            nodep->packagep()->unlinkFrBack()->deleteTree();
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            // Create symbol table for the task's vars
            string name = string{nodep->isExternProto() ? "extern " : ""} + nodep->name();
            auto pkgp = m_packagep;
            // Set the class as package for static class methods
            if (nodep->lifetime().isStatic() && VN_IS(m_curSymp->nodep(), Class)) {
                pkgp = VN_CAST(m_curSymp->nodep(), Class);
            }
            m_curSymp = m_statep->insertBlock(m_curSymp, name, nodep, pkgp);
            m_curSymp->fallbackp(oldCurSymp);
            // Convert the func's range to the output variable
            // This should probably be done in the Parser instead, as then we could
            // just attach normal signal attributes to it.
            if (!nodep->isExternProto() && nodep->fvarp() && !VN_IS(nodep->fvarp(), Var)) {
                AstNodeDType* dtypep = VN_CAST(nodep->fvarp(), NodeDType);
                // If unspecified, function returns one bit; however when we
                // support NEW() it could also return the class reference.
                if (dtypep) {
                    dtypep->unlinkFrBack();
                } else {
                    dtypep = new AstBasicDType(nodep->fileline(), AstBasicDTypeKwd::LOGIC);
                }
                AstVar* newvarp = new AstVar(nodep->fileline(), AstVarType::VAR, nodep->name(),
                                             VFlagChildDType(), dtypep);  // Not dtype resolved yet
                newvarp->direction(VDirection::OUTPUT);
                newvarp->lifetime(VLifetime::AUTOMATIC);
                newvarp->funcReturn(true);
                newvarp->trace(false);  // Not user visible
                newvarp->attrIsolateAssign(nodep->attrIsolateAssign());
                nodep->addFvarp(newvarp);
                // Explicit insert required, as the var name shadows the upper level's task name
                m_statep->insertSym(m_curSymp, newvarp->name(), newvarp, nullptr /*packagep*/);
            }
            m_ftaskp = nodep;
            iterateChildren(nodep);
            m_ftaskp = nullptr;
        }
    }
    virtual void visit(AstVar* nodep) override {
        // Var: Remember its name for later resolution
        UASSERT_OBJ(m_curSymp && m_modSymp, nodep, "Var not under module?");
        iterateChildren(nodep);
        if (nodep->isFuncLocal() && nodep->lifetime().isStatic()) {
            nodep->v3warn(E_UNSUPPORTED, "Unsupported: 'static' function/task variables");
        } else if (nodep->isClassMember() && nodep->lifetime().isStatic()) {
            nodep->v3warn(E_UNSUPPORTED, "Unsupported: 'static' class members");
        }
        if (!m_statep->forScopeCreation()) {
            // Find under either a task or the module's vars
            VSymEnt* foundp = m_curSymp->findIdFallback(nodep->name());
            if (!foundp && m_modSymp && nodep->name() == m_modSymp->nodep()->name()) {
                foundp = m_modSymp;  // Conflicts with modname?
            }
            AstVar* findvarp = foundp ? VN_CAST(foundp->nodep(), Var) : nullptr;
            bool ins = false;
            if (!foundp) {
                ins = true;
            } else if (!findvarp && foundp && m_curSymp->findIdFlat(nodep->name())) {
                nodep->v3error("Unsupported in C: Variable has same name as "
                               << LinkDotState::nodeTextType(foundp->nodep()) << ": "
                               << nodep->prettyNameQ());
            } else if (findvarp != nodep) {
                UINFO(4, "DupVar: " << nodep << " ;; " << foundp->nodep() << endl);
                UINFO(4, "    found  cur=se" << cvtToHex(m_curSymp) << " ;; parent=se"
                                             << cvtToHex(foundp->parentp()) << endl);
                if (foundp->parentp() == m_curSymp  // Only when on same level
                    && !foundp->imported()) {  // and not from package
                    bool nansiBad
                        = ((findvarp->isDeclTyped() && nodep->isDeclTyped())
                           || (findvarp->isIO() && nodep->isIO()));  // e.g. !(output && output)
                    bool ansiBad = findvarp->isAnsi() || nodep->isAnsi();  // dup illegal with ANSI
                    if (ansiBad || nansiBad) {
                        bool ansiWarn = ansiBad && !nansiBad;
                        if (ansiWarn) {
                            static int didAnsiWarn = false;
                            if (didAnsiWarn++) ansiWarn = false;
                        }
                        nodep->v3error("Duplicate declaration of signal: "
                                       << nodep->prettyNameQ() << endl
                                       << (ansiWarn ? nodep->warnMore()
                                                          + "... note: ANSI ports must have"
                                                            " type declared with the I/O (IEEE "
                                                            "1800-2017 23.2.2.2)\n"
                                                    : "")
                                       << nodep->warnContextPrimary() << endl
                                       << findvarp->warnOther()
                                       << "... Location of original declaration" << endl
                                       << findvarp->warnContextSecondary());
                        // Combining most likely reduce other errors
                        findvarp->combineType(nodep);
                        findvarp->fileline()->modifyStateInherit(nodep->fileline());
                    } else {
                        findvarp->combineType(nodep);
                        findvarp->fileline()->modifyStateInherit(nodep->fileline());
                        AstBasicDType* bdtypep = VN_CAST(findvarp->childDTypep(), BasicDType);
                        if (bdtypep && bdtypep->implicit()) {
                            // Then have "input foo" and "real foo" so the
                            // dtype comes from the other side.
                            AstNodeDType* newdtypep = nodep->subDTypep();
                            UASSERT_OBJ(newdtypep && nodep->childDTypep(), findvarp,
                                        "No child type?");
                            VL_DO_DANGLING(bdtypep->unlinkFrBack()->deleteTree(), bdtypep);
                            newdtypep->unlinkFrBack();
                            findvarp->childDTypep(newdtypep);
                        }
                    }
                    VL_DO_DANGLING(nodep->unlinkFrBack()->deleteTree(), nodep);
                } else {
                    // User can disable the message at either point
                    if (!(m_ftaskp && m_ftaskp->dpiImport())
                        && (!m_ftaskp || m_ftaskp != foundp->nodep())  // Not the function's
                                                                       // variable hiding function
                        && !nodep->fileline()->warnIsOff(V3ErrorCode::VARHIDDEN)
                        && !foundp->nodep()->fileline()->warnIsOff(V3ErrorCode::VARHIDDEN)) {
                        nodep->v3warn(VARHIDDEN,
                                      "Declaration of signal hides declaration in upper scope: "
                                          << nodep->prettyNameQ() << endl
                                          << nodep->warnContextPrimary() << endl
                                          << foundp->nodep()->warnOther()
                                          << "... Location of original declaration\n"
                                          << foundp->nodep()->warnContextSecondary());
                    }
                    ins = true;
                }
            }
            if (ins) {
                if (m_statep->forPrimary() && nodep->isGParam()
                    && (m_statep->rootEntp()->nodep() == m_modSymp->parentp()->nodep())) {
                    // This is the toplevel module. Check for command line overwrites of parameters
                    // We first search if the parameter is overwritten and then replace it with a
                    // new value. It will keep the same FileLine information.
                    if (v3Global.opt.hasParameter(nodep->name())) {
                        AstVar* newp
                            = new AstVar(nodep->fileline(), AstVarType(AstVarType::GPARAM),
                                         nodep->name(), nodep);
                        newp->combineType(nodep);
                        string svalue = v3Global.opt.parameter(nodep->name());
                        if (AstNode* valuep
                            = AstConst::parseParamLiteral(nodep->fileline(), svalue)) {
                            newp->valuep(valuep);
                            UINFO(9, "       replace parameter " << nodep << endl);
                            UINFO(9, "       with " << newp << endl);
                            nodep->replaceWith(newp);
                            VL_DO_DANGLING(pushDeletep(nodep), nodep);
                            nodep = newp;
                        }
                    }
                }
                VSymEnt* insp = m_statep->insertSym(m_curSymp, nodep->name(), nodep, m_packagep);
                if (m_statep->forPrimary() && nodep->isGParam()) {
                    m_paramNum++;
                    VSymEnt* symp = m_statep->insertSym(
                        m_curSymp, "__paramNumber" + cvtToStr(m_paramNum), nodep, m_packagep);
                    symp->exported(false);
                }
                AstIfaceRefDType* ifacerefp = LinkDotState::ifaceRefFromArray(nodep->subDTypep());
                if (ifacerefp) {
                    // Can't resolve until interfaces and modport names are
                    // known; see notes at top
                    m_statep->insertIfaceVarSym(insp);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    virtual void visit(AstTypedef* nodep) override {
        UASSERT_OBJ(m_curSymp, nodep, "Typedef not under module/package/$unit");
        iterateChildren(nodep);
        m_statep->insertSym(m_curSymp, nodep->name(), nodep, m_packagep);
    }
    virtual void visit(AstTypedefFwd* nodep) override {
        UASSERT_OBJ(m_curSymp, nodep, "Typedef not under module/package/$unit");
        iterateChildren(nodep);
        // No need to insert, only the real typedef matters, but need to track for errors
        nodep->user1p(m_curSymp);
    }
    virtual void visit(AstParamTypeDType* nodep) override {
        UASSERT_OBJ(m_curSymp, nodep, "Parameter type not under module/package/$unit");
        iterateChildren(nodep);
        m_statep->insertSym(m_curSymp, nodep->name(), nodep, m_packagep);
    }
    virtual void visit(AstCFunc* nodep) override {
        // For dotted resolution, ignore all AstVars under functions, otherwise shouldn't exist
        UASSERT_OBJ(!m_statep->forScopeCreation(), nodep, "No CFuncs expected in tree yet");
    }
    virtual void visit(AstEnumItem* nodep) override {
        // EnumItem: Remember its name for later resolution
        iterateChildren(nodep);
        // Find under either a task or the module's vars
        VSymEnt* foundp = m_curSymp->findIdFallback(nodep->name());
        if (!foundp && m_modSymp && nodep->name() == m_modSymp->nodep()->name()) {
            foundp = m_modSymp;  // Conflicts with modname?
        }
        AstEnumItem* findvarp = foundp ? VN_CAST(foundp->nodep(), EnumItem) : nullptr;
        bool ins = false;
        if (!foundp) {
            ins = true;
        } else if (findvarp != nodep) {
            UINFO(4, "DupVar: " << nodep << " ;; " << foundp << endl);
            if (foundp->parentp() == m_curSymp  // Only when on same level
                && !foundp->imported()) {  // and not from package
                nodep->v3error("Duplicate declaration of enum value: "
                               << nodep->prettyName() << endl
                               << nodep->warnContextPrimary() << endl
                               << foundp->nodep()->warnOther()
                               << "... Location of original declaration\n"
                               << foundp->nodep()->warnContextSecondary());
            } else {
                // User can disable the message at either point
                if (!nodep->fileline()->warnIsOff(V3ErrorCode::VARHIDDEN)
                    && !foundp->nodep()->fileline()->warnIsOff(V3ErrorCode::VARHIDDEN)) {
                    nodep->v3warn(VARHIDDEN,
                                  "Declaration of enum value hides declaration in upper scope: "
                                      << nodep->prettyName() << endl
                                      << nodep->warnContextPrimary() << endl
                                      << foundp->nodep()->warnOther()
                                      << "... Location of original declaration\n"
                                      << nodep->warnContextSecondary());
                }
                ins = true;
            }
        }
        if (ins) m_statep->insertSym(m_curSymp, nodep->name(), nodep, m_packagep);
    }
    virtual void visit(AstPackageImport* nodep) override {
        UINFO(4, "  Link: " << nodep << endl);
        VSymEnt* srcp = m_statep->getNodeSym(nodep->packagep());
        if (nodep->name() == "*") {
            if (m_curSymp == m_statep->dunitEntp()) {
                nodep->v3warn(IMPORTSTAR, "Import::* in $unit scope may pollute global namespace");
            }
        } else {
            VSymEnt* impp = srcp->findIdFlat(nodep->name());
            if (!impp) {
                nodep->v3error("Import object not found: '" << nodep->packagep()->prettyName()
                                                            << "::" << nodep->prettyName() << "'");
            }
        }
        m_curSymp->importFromPackage(m_statep->symsp(), srcp, nodep->name());
        UINFO(9, "    Link Done: " << nodep << endl);
        // No longer needed, but can't delete until any multi-instantiated modules are expanded
    }
    virtual void visit(AstPackageExport* nodep) override {
        UINFO(9, "  Link: " << nodep << endl);
        VSymEnt* srcp = m_statep->getNodeSym(nodep->packagep());
        if (nodep->name() != "*") {
            VSymEnt* impp = srcp->findIdFlat(nodep->name());
            if (!impp) {
                nodep->v3error("Export object not found: '" << nodep->packagep()->prettyName()
                                                            << "::" << nodep->prettyName() << "'");
            }
        }
        m_curSymp->exportFromPackage(m_statep->symsp(), srcp, nodep->name());
        UINFO(9, "    Link Done: " << nodep << endl);
        // No longer needed, but can't delete until any multi-instantiated modules are expanded
    }
    virtual void visit(AstPackageExportStarStar* nodep) override {
        UINFO(4, "  Link: " << nodep << endl);
        m_curSymp->exportStarStar(m_statep->symsp());
        // No longer needed, but can't delete until any multi-instantiated modules are expanded
    }
    virtual void visit(AstWithParse* nodep) override {
        // Change WITHPARSE(FUNCREF, equation) to FUNCREF(WITH(equation))
        auto funcrefp = VN_CAST(nodep->funcrefp(), NodeFTaskRef);
        UASSERT_OBJ(funcrefp, nodep, "'with' only can operate on a function/task");
        string name = "item";
        FileLine* argFl = nodep->fileline();
        if (auto argp = VN_CAST(funcrefp->pinsp(), Arg)) {
            if (auto parserefp = VN_CAST(argp->exprp(), ParseRef)) {
                name = parserefp->name();
                argFl = parserefp->fileline();
            } else {
                argp->v3error("'with' function expects simple variable name");
            }
            if (argp->nextp())
                argp->nextp()->v3error("'with' function expects only up to one argument");
            VL_DO_DANGLING(argp->unlinkFrBackWithNext()->deleteTree(), argp);
        }
        // Type depends on the method used, let V3Width figure it out later
        auto* argrefp = new AstLambdaArgRef(argFl, name);
        auto* newp
            = new AstWith(nodep->fileline(), argrefp, nodep->exprp()->unlinkFrBackWithNext());
        funcrefp->addPinsp(newp);
        nodep->replaceWith(funcrefp->unlinkFrBack());
        VL_DO_DANGLING(nodep->deleteTree(), nodep);
    }
    virtual void visit(AstWith* nodep) override {
        // Symbol table needs nodep->name() as the index variable's name
        // Iteration will pickup the AstVar we made under AstWith
        VL_RESTORER(m_curSymp);
        VSymEnt* const oldCurSymp = m_curSymp;
        {
            ++m_modWithNum;
            m_curSymp = m_statep->insertBlock(m_curSymp, "__Vwith" + cvtToStr(m_modWithNum), nodep,
                                              m_packagep);
            m_curSymp->fallbackp(oldCurSymp);
            UASSERT_OBJ(nodep->argrefp(), nodep, "Missing lambda argref");
            // Insert argref's name into symbol table
            m_statep->insertSym(m_curSymp, nodep->argrefp()->name(), nodep->argrefp(), nullptr);
        }
    }

    virtual void visit(AstNode* nodep) override { iterateChildren(nodep); }

public:
    // CONSTRUCTORS
    LinkDotFindVisitor(AstNetlist* rootp, LinkDotState* statep)
        : m_statep{statep} {
        UINFO(4, __FUNCTION__ << ": " << endl);

        iterate(rootp);
    }
    virtual ~LinkDotFindVisitor() override {}
};

//======================================================================

class LinkDotParamVisitor : public AstNVisitor {
private:
    // NODE STATE
    // Cleared on global
    //  *::user1p()             -> See LinkDotState
    //  *::user2p()             -> See LinkDotState
    //  *::user4()              -> See LinkDotState

    // STATE
    LinkDotState* m_statep;  // State to pass between visitors, including symbol table
    AstNodeModule* m_modp = nullptr;  // Current module

    static int debug() { return LinkDotState::debug(); }

    void pinImplicitExprRecurse(AstNode* nodep) {
        // Under a pin, Check interconnect expression for a pin reference or a concat.
        // Create implicit variable as needed
        if (VN_IS(nodep, Dot)) {  // Not creating a simple implied type,
            // and implying something else would just confuse later errors
        } else if (VN_IS(nodep, VarRef) || VN_IS(nodep, ParseRef)) {
            // To prevent user errors, we should only do single bit
            // implicit vars, however some netlists (MIPS) expect single
            // bit implicit wires to get created with range 0:0 etc.
            m_statep->implicitOkAdd(m_modp, nodep->name());
        }
        // These are perhaps a little too generous, as a SELect of siga[sigb]
        // perhaps shouldn't create an implicit variable.  But, we've warned...
        else {
            if (nodep->op1p()) pinImplicitExprRecurse(nodep->op1p());
            if (nodep->op2p()) pinImplicitExprRecurse(nodep->op2p());
            if (nodep->op3p()) pinImplicitExprRecurse(nodep->op3p());
            if (nodep->op4p()) pinImplicitExprRecurse(nodep->op4p());
            if (nodep->nextp()) pinImplicitExprRecurse(nodep->nextp());
        }
    }

    // VISITs
    virtual void visit(AstTypeTable*) override {}
    virtual void visit(AstNodeModule* nodep) override {
        UINFO(5, "   " << nodep << endl);
        if (nodep->dead() || !nodep->user4()) {
            UINFO(4, "Mark dead module " << nodep << endl);
            UASSERT_OBJ(m_statep->forPrearray(), nodep,
                        "Dead module persisted past where should have removed");
            // Don't remove now, because we may have a tree of
            // parameterized modules with VARXREFs into the deleted module
            // region.  V3Dead should cleanup.
            // Downstream visitors up until V3Dead need to check for nodep->dead.
            nodep->dead(true);
        } else {
            m_modp = nodep;
            iterateChildren(nodep);
            m_modp = nullptr;
        }
    }
    virtual void visit(AstPin* nodep) override {
        // Pin: Link to submodule's port
        // Deal with implicit definitions - do before Resolve visitor as may
        // be referenced above declaration
        if (nodep->exprp()  // Else specifically unconnected pin
            && !nodep->svImplicit()) {  // SV 19.11.3: .name pins don't allow implicit decls
            pinImplicitExprRecurse(nodep->exprp());
        }
    }
    virtual void visit(AstDefParam* nodep) override {
        iterateChildren(nodep);
        nodep->v3warn(DEFPARAM, "Suggest replace defparam assignment with Verilog 2001 #(."
                                    << nodep->prettyName() << "(...etc...))");
        VSymEnt* foundp = m_statep->getNodeSym(nodep)->findIdFallback(nodep->path());
        AstCell* cellp = foundp ? VN_CAST(foundp->nodep(), Cell) : nullptr;
        if (!cellp) {
            nodep->v3error("In defparam, cell " << nodep->path() << " never declared");
        } else {
            AstNode* exprp = nodep->rhsp()->unlinkFrBack();
            UINFO(9, "Defparam cell " << nodep->path() << "." << nodep->name() << " attach-to "
                                      << cellp << "  <= " << exprp << endl);
            // Don't need to check the name of the defparam exists.  V3Param does.
            AstPin* pinp = new AstPin(nodep->fileline(),
                                      -1,  // Pin# not relevant
                                      nodep->name(), exprp);
            cellp->addParamsp(pinp);
            VL_DO_DANGLING(nodep->unlinkFrBack()->deleteTree(), nodep);
        }
    }
    virtual void visit(AstPort* nodep) override {
        // Port: Stash the pin number
        // Need to set pin numbers after varnames are created
        // But before we do the final resolution based on names
        VSymEnt* foundp = m_statep->getNodeSym(m_modp)->findIdFlat(nodep->name());
        AstVar* refp = foundp ? VN_CAST(foundp->nodep(), Var) : nullptr;
        if (!refp) {
            nodep->v3error(
                "Input/output/inout declaration not found for port: " << nodep->prettyNameQ());
        } else if (!refp->isIO() && !refp->isIfaceRef()) {
            nodep->v3error("Pin is not an in/out/inout/interface: " << nodep->prettyNameQ());
        } else {
            if (refp->user4()) {
                nodep->v3error("Duplicate declaration of port: "
                               << nodep->prettyNameQ() << endl
                               << nodep->warnContextPrimary() << endl
                               << refp->warnOther() << "... Location of original declaration\n"
                               << refp->warnContextSecondary());
            }
            refp->user4(true);
            VSymEnt* symp = m_statep->insertSym(m_statep->getNodeSym(m_modp),
                                                "__pinNumber" + cvtToStr(nodep->pinNum()), refp,
                                                nullptr /*packagep*/);
            symp->exported(false);
        }
        // Ports not needed any more
        VL_DO_DANGLING(nodep->unlinkFrBack()->deleteTree(), nodep);
    }
    virtual void visit(AstAssignW* nodep) override {
        // Deal with implicit definitions
        // We used to nodep->allowImplicit() here, but it turns out
        // normal "assigns" can also make implicit wires.  Yuk.
        pinImplicitExprRecurse(nodep->lhsp());
        iterateChildren(nodep);
    }
    virtual void visit(AstAssignAlias* nodep) override {
        // tran gates need implicit creation
        // As VarRefs don't exist in forPrimary, sanity check
        UASSERT_OBJ(!m_statep->forPrimary(), nodep, "Assign aliases unexpected pre-dot");
        if (AstVarRef* forrefp = VN_CAST(nodep->lhsp(), VarRef)) {
            pinImplicitExprRecurse(forrefp);
        }
        if (AstVarRef* forrefp = VN_CAST(nodep->rhsp(), VarRef)) {
            pinImplicitExprRecurse(forrefp);
        }
        iterateChildren(nodep);
    }
    virtual void visit(AstImplicit* nodep) override {
        // Unsupported gates need implicit creation
        pinImplicitExprRecurse(nodep);
        // We're done with implicit gates
        VL_DO_DANGLING(nodep->unlinkFrBack()->deleteTree(), nodep);
    }
    virtual void visit(AstTypedefFwd* nodep) override {
        VSymEnt* foundp = m_statep->getNodeSym(nodep)->findIdFallback(nodep->name());
        if (!foundp && v3Global.opt.pedantic()) {
            // We only check it was ever really defined in pedantic mode, as it
            // might have been in a header file referring to a module we never
            // needed so there are false positives
            nodep->v3error(
                "Forward typedef unused or does not resolve to a data type (IEEE 1800-2017 6.18): "
                << nodep->prettyNameQ());
        }
        // We only needed the forward declaration in order to parse correctly.
        VL_DO_DANGLING(nodep->unlinkFrBack()->deleteTree(), nodep);
    }

    virtual void visit(AstNode* nodep) override { iterateChildren(nodep); }

public:
    // CONSTRUCTORS
    LinkDotParamVisitor(AstNetlist* rootp, LinkDotState* statep)
        : m_statep{statep} {
        UINFO(4, __FUNCTION__ << ": " << endl);
        iterate(rootp);
    }
    virtual ~LinkDotParamVisitor() override {}
};

//======================================================================

class LinkDotScopeVisitor : public AstNVisitor {

    // STATE
    LinkDotState* m_statep;  // State to pass between visitors, including symbol table
    AstScope* m_scopep = nullptr;  // The current scope
    VSymEnt* m_modSymp = nullptr;  // Symbol entry for current module

    static int debug() { return LinkDotState::debug(); }

    // VISITs
    virtual void visit(AstNetlist* nodep) override {
        // Recurse..., backward as must do packages before using packages
        iterateChildrenBackwards(nodep);
    }
    virtual void visit(AstScope* nodep) override {
        UINFO(8, "  SCOPE " << nodep << endl);
        UASSERT_OBJ(m_statep->forScopeCreation(), nodep,
                    "Scopes should only exist right after V3Scope");
        // Using the CELL names, we created all hierarchy.  We now need to match this Scope
        // up with the hierarchy created by the CELL names.
        m_modSymp = m_statep->getScopeSym(nodep);
        m_scopep = nodep;
        iterateChildren(nodep);
        m_modSymp = nullptr;
        m_scopep = nullptr;
    }
    virtual void visit(AstVarScope* nodep) override {
        if (!nodep->varp()->isFuncLocal() && !nodep->varp()->isClassMember()) {
            VSymEnt* varSymp
                = m_statep->insertSym(m_modSymp, nodep->varp()->name(), nodep, nullptr);
            if (nodep->varp()->isIfaceRef() && nodep->varp()->isIfaceParent()) {
                UINFO(9, "Iface parent ref var " << nodep->varp()->name() << " " << nodep << endl);
                // Find the interface cell the var references
                AstIfaceRefDType* dtypep
                    = LinkDotState::ifaceRefFromArray(nodep->varp()->dtypep());
                UASSERT_OBJ(dtypep, nodep, "Non AstIfaceRefDType on isIfaceRef() var");
                UINFO(9, "Iface parent dtype " << dtypep << endl);
                string ifcellname = dtypep->cellName();
                string baddot;
                VSymEnt* okSymp;
                VSymEnt* cellSymp = m_statep->findDotted(nodep->fileline(), m_modSymp, ifcellname,
                                                         baddot, okSymp);
                UASSERT_OBJ(cellSymp, nodep,
                            "No symbol for interface cell: " << nodep->prettyNameQ(ifcellname));
                UINFO(5, "       Found interface cell: se" << cvtToHex(cellSymp) << " "
                                                           << cellSymp->nodep() << endl);
                if (dtypep->modportName() != "") {
                    VSymEnt* mpSymp = m_statep->findDotted(nodep->fileline(), m_modSymp,
                                                           ifcellname, baddot, okSymp);
                    UASSERT_OBJ(mpSymp, nodep,
                                "No symbol for interface modport: "
                                    << nodep->prettyNameQ(dtypep->modportName()));
                    cellSymp = mpSymp;
                    UINFO(5, "       Found modport cell: se" << cvtToHex(cellSymp) << " "
                                                             << mpSymp->nodep() << endl);
                }
                // Interface reference; need to put whole thing into
                // symtable, but can't clone it now as we may have a later
                // alias for it.
                m_statep->insertScopeAlias(LinkDotState::SAMN_IFTOP, varSymp, cellSymp);
            }
        }
    }
    virtual void visit(AstNodeFTask* nodep) override {
        VSymEnt* symp = m_statep->insertBlock(m_modSymp, nodep->name(), nodep, nullptr);
        symp->fallbackp(m_modSymp);
        // No recursion, we don't want to pick up variables
    }
    virtual void visit(AstWith* nodep) override {
        VSymEnt* symp = m_statep->insertBlock(m_modSymp, nodep->name(), nodep, nullptr);
        symp->fallbackp(m_modSymp);
        // No recursion, we don't want to pick up variables
    }
    virtual void visit(AstAssignAlias* nodep) override {
        // Track aliases created by V3Inline; if we get a VARXREF(aliased_from)
        // we'll need to replace it with a VARXREF(aliased_to)
        if (debug() >= 9) nodep->dumpTree(cout, "-    alias: ");
        AstVarScope* fromVscp = VN_CAST(nodep->lhsp(), VarRef)->varScopep();
        AstVarScope* toVscp = VN_CAST(nodep->rhsp(), VarRef)->varScopep();
        UASSERT_OBJ(fromVscp && toVscp, nodep, "Bad alias scopes");
        fromVscp->user2p(toVscp);
        iterateChildren(nodep);
    }
    virtual void visit(AstAssignVarScope* nodep) override {
        UINFO(5, "ASSIGNVARSCOPE  " << nodep << endl);
        if (debug() >= 9) nodep->dumpTree(cout, "-    avs: ");
        VSymEnt* rhsSymp;
        {
            AstVarRef* refp = VN_CAST(nodep->rhsp(), VarRef);
            AstVarXRef* xrefp = VN_CAST(nodep->rhsp(), VarXRef);
            UASSERT_OBJ(refp || xrefp, nodep,
                        "Unsupported: Non Var(X)Ref attached to interface pin");
            string inl
                = ((xrefp && xrefp->inlinedDots().size()) ? (xrefp->inlinedDots() + "__DOT__")
                                                          : "");
            VSymEnt* symp = nullptr;
            string scopename;
            while (!symp) {
                scopename
                    = refp ? refp->name() : (inl.size() ? (inl + xrefp->name()) : xrefp->name());
                string baddot;
                VSymEnt* okSymp;
                symp = m_statep->findDotted(nodep->rhsp()->fileline(), m_modSymp, scopename,
                                            baddot, okSymp);
                if (inl == "") break;
                inl = LinkDotState::removeLastInlineScope(inl);
            }
            if (!symp) {
                UINFO(9, "No symbol for interface alias rhs ("
                             << string(refp ? "VARREF " : "VARXREF ") << scopename << ")" << endl);
            }
            UASSERT_OBJ(symp, nodep, "No symbol for interface alias rhs");
            UINFO(5, "       Found a linked scope RHS: " << scopename << "  se" << cvtToHex(symp)
                                                         << " " << symp->nodep() << endl);
            rhsSymp = symp;
        }
        VSymEnt* lhsSymp;
        {
            const AstVarXRef* xrefp = VN_CAST(nodep->lhsp(), VarXRef);
            const AstVarRef* refp = VN_CAST(nodep->lhsp(), VarRef);

            UASSERT_OBJ(refp || xrefp, nodep,
                        "Unsupported: Non Var(X)Ref attached to interface pin");
            string scopename = refp ? refp->varp()->name() : xrefp->dotted() + "." + xrefp->name();
            string baddot;
            VSymEnt* okSymp;
            VSymEnt* symp = m_statep->findDotted(nodep->lhsp()->fileline(), m_modSymp, scopename,
                                                 baddot, okSymp);
            UASSERT_OBJ(symp, nodep, "No symbol for interface alias lhs");
            UINFO(5, "       Found a linked scope LHS: " << scopename << "  se" << cvtToHex(symp)
                                                         << " " << symp->nodep() << endl);
            lhsSymp = symp;
        }
        // Remember the alias - can't do it yet because we may have additional symbols to be added,
        // or maybe an alias of an alias
        m_statep->insertScopeAlias(LinkDotState::SAMN_IFTOP, lhsSymp, rhsSymp);
        // We have stored the link, we don't need these any more
        VL_DO_DANGLING(nodep->unlinkFrBack()->deleteTree(), nodep);
    }
    // For speed, don't recurse things that can't have scope
    // Note we allow AstNodeStmt's as generates may be under them
    virtual void visit(AstCell*) override {}
    virtual void visit(AstVar*) override {}
    virtual void visit(AstNodeMath*) override {}
    virtual void visit(AstNode* nodep) override { iterateChildren(nodep); }

public:
    // CONSTRUCTORS
    LinkDotScopeVisitor(AstNetlist* rootp, LinkDotState* statep)
        : m_statep{statep} {
        UINFO(4, __FUNCTION__ << ": " << endl);
        iterate(rootp);
    }
    virtual ~LinkDotScopeVisitor() override {}
};

//======================================================================

// Iterate an interface to resolve modports
class LinkDotIfaceVisitor : public AstNVisitor {
    // STATE
    LinkDotState* m_statep;  // State to pass between visitors, including symbol table
    VSymEnt* m_curSymp;  // Symbol Entry for current table, where to lookup/insert

    // METHODS
    static int debug() { return LinkDotState::debug(); }

    // VISITs
    virtual void visit(AstModport* nodep) override {
        // Modport: Remember its name for later resolution
        UINFO(5, "   fiv: " << nodep << endl);
        VL_RESTORER(m_curSymp);
        VSymEnt* const oldCurSymp = m_curSymp;
        {
            // Create symbol table for the vars
            m_curSymp = m_statep->insertBlock(m_curSymp, nodep->name(), nodep, nullptr);
            m_curSymp->fallbackp(oldCurSymp);
            iterateChildren(nodep);
        }
    }
    virtual void visit(AstModportFTaskRef* nodep) override {
        UINFO(5, "   fif: " << nodep << endl);
        iterateChildren(nodep);
        if (nodep->isExport()) nodep->v3warn(E_UNSUPPORTED, "Unsupported: modport export");
        VSymEnt* symp = m_curSymp->findIdFallback(nodep->name());
        if (!symp) {
            nodep->v3error("Modport item not found: " << nodep->prettyNameQ());
        } else if (AstNodeFTask* ftaskp = VN_CAST(symp->nodep(), NodeFTask)) {
            // Make symbol under modport that points at the _interface_'s var, not the modport.
            nodep->ftaskp(ftaskp);
            VSymEnt* subSymp
                = m_statep->insertSym(m_curSymp, nodep->name(), ftaskp, nullptr /*package*/);
            m_statep->insertScopeAlias(LinkDotState::SAMN_MODPORT, subSymp, symp);
        } else {
            nodep->v3error("Modport item is not a function/task: " << nodep->prettyNameQ());
        }
        if (m_statep->forScopeCreation()) {
            // Done with AstModportFTaskRef.
            // Delete to prevent problems if we dead-delete pointed to ftask
            nodep->unlinkFrBack();
            VL_DO_DANGLING(pushDeletep(nodep), nodep);
        }
    }
    virtual void visit(AstModportVarRef* nodep) override {
        UINFO(5, "   fiv: " << nodep << endl);
        iterateChildren(nodep);
        VSymEnt* symp = m_curSymp->findIdFallback(nodep->name());
        if (!symp) {
            nodep->v3error("Modport item not found: " << nodep->prettyNameQ());
        } else if (AstVar* varp = VN_CAST(symp->nodep(), Var)) {
            // Make symbol under modport that points at the _interface_'s var via the modport.
            // (Need modport still to test input/output markings)
            nodep->varp(varp);
            m_statep->insertSym(m_curSymp, nodep->name(), nodep, nullptr /*package*/);
        } else if (AstVarScope* vscp = VN_CAST(symp->nodep(), VarScope)) {
            // Make symbol under modport that points at the _interface_'s var, not the modport.
            nodep->varp(vscp->varp());
            m_statep->insertSym(m_curSymp, nodep->name(), vscp, nullptr /*package*/);
        } else {
            nodep->v3error("Modport item is not a variable: " << nodep->prettyNameQ());
        }
        if (m_statep->forScopeCreation()) {
            // Done with AstModportVarRef.
            // Delete to prevent problems if we dead-delete pointed to variable
            nodep->unlinkFrBack();
            VL_DO_DANGLING(pushDeletep(nodep), nodep);
        }
    }
    virtual void visit(AstNode* nodep) override { iterateChildren(nodep); }

public:
    // CONSTRUCTORS
    LinkDotIfaceVisitor(AstIface* nodep, VSymEnt* curSymp, LinkDotState* statep) {
        UINFO(4, __FUNCTION__ << ": " << endl);
        m_curSymp = curSymp;
        m_statep = statep;
        iterate(nodep);
    }
    virtual ~LinkDotIfaceVisitor() override {}
};

void LinkDotState::computeIfaceModSyms() {
    for (const auto& itr : m_ifaceModSyms) {
        AstIface* nodep = itr.first;
        VSymEnt* symp = itr.second;
        LinkDotIfaceVisitor(nodep, symp, this);
    }
    m_ifaceModSyms.clear();
}

//======================================================================

class LinkDotResolveVisitor : public AstNVisitor {
private:
    // NODE STATE
    // Cleared on global
    //  *::user1p()             -> See LinkDotState
    //  *::user2p()             -> See LinkDotState
    //  *::user3()              // bool.          Processed
    //  *::user4()              -> See LinkDotState
    // Cleared on Cell
    //  AstVar::user5()         // bool.          True if pin used in this cell
    AstUser3InUse m_inuser3;
    AstUser5InUse m_inuser5;

    // TYPES
    enum DotPosition : uint8_t {
        DP_NONE = 0,  // Not under a DOT
        DP_PACKAGE,  // {package}:: DOT
        DP_SCOPE,  // [DOT...] {scope-or-var} DOT
        DP_FINAL,  // [DOT...] {var-or-func-or-dtype} with no following dots
        DP_MEMBER
    };  // DOT {member-name} [DOT...]

    // STATE
    LinkDotState* m_statep;  // State, including dotted symbol table
    VSymEnt* m_curSymp = nullptr;  // SymEnt for current lookup point
    VSymEnt* m_modSymp = nullptr;  // SymEnt for current module
    VSymEnt* m_pinSymp = nullptr;  // SymEnt for pin lookups
    AstCell* m_cellp = nullptr;  // Current cell
    AstNodeModule* m_modp = nullptr;  // Current module
    AstNodeFTask* m_ftaskp = nullptr;  // Current function/task
    int m_modportNum = 0;  // Uniqueify modport numbers

    struct DotStates {
        DotPosition m_dotPos;  // Scope part of dotted resolution
        VSymEnt* m_dotSymp;  // SymEnt for dotted AstParse lookup
        AstDot* m_dotp;  // Current dot
        bool m_unresolved;  // Unresolved, needs help from V3Param
        AstNode* m_unlinkedScopep;  // Unresolved scope, needs corresponding VarXRef
        bool m_dotErr;  // Error found in dotted resolution, ignore upwards
        string m_dotText;  // String of dotted names found in below parseref
        DotStates() { init(nullptr); }
        ~DotStates() {}
        void init(VSymEnt* curSymp) {
            m_dotPos = DP_NONE;
            m_dotSymp = curSymp;
            m_dotp = nullptr;
            m_dotErr = false;
            m_dotText = "";
            m_unresolved = false;
            m_unlinkedScopep = nullptr;
        }
        string ascii() const {
            static const char* const names[] = {"NONE", "PACKAGE", "SCOPE", "FINAL", "MEMBER"};
            std::ostringstream sstr;
            sstr << "ds=" << names[m_dotPos];
            sstr << "  dse" << cvtToHex(m_dotSymp);
            sstr << "  txt=" << m_dotText;
            sstr << "  unr=" << m_unresolved;
            return sstr.str();
        }
    } m_ds;  // State to preserve across recursions

    static int debug() { return LinkDotState::debug(); }

    // METHODS - Variables
    void createImplicitVar(VSymEnt* lookupSymp, AstVarRef* nodep, AstNodeModule* modp,
                           VSymEnt* moduleSymp, bool noWarn) {
        // Create implicit after warning
        if (!nodep->varp()) {
            if (!noWarn) {
                if (nodep->fileline()->warnIsOff(V3ErrorCode::I_DEF_NETTYPE_WIRE)) {
                    string suggest = m_statep->suggestSymFallback(moduleSymp, nodep->name(),
                                                                  LinkNodeMatcherVar());
                    nodep->v3error("Signal definition not found, and implicit disabled with "
                                   "`default_nettype: "
                                   << nodep->prettyNameQ() << endl
                                   << (suggest.empty() ? "" : nodep->warnMore() + suggest));

                }
                // Bypass looking for suggestions if IMPLICIT is turned off
                // as there could be thousands of these suppressed in large netlists
                else if (!nodep->fileline()->warnIsOff(V3ErrorCode::IMPLICIT)) {
                    string suggest = m_statep->suggestSymFallback(moduleSymp, nodep->name(),
                                                                  LinkNodeMatcherVar());
                    nodep->v3warn(IMPLICIT,
                                  "Signal definition not found, creating implicitly: "
                                      << nodep->prettyNameQ() << endl
                                      << (suggest.empty() ? "" : nodep->warnMore() + suggest));
                }
            }
            AstVar* newp = new AstVar(nodep->fileline(), AstVarType::WIRE, nodep->name(),
                                      VFlagLogicPacked(), 1);
            newp->trace(modp->modTrace());
            nodep->varp(newp);
            modp->addStmtp(newp);
            // Link it to signal list, must add the variable under the module;
            // current scope might be lower now
            m_statep->insertSym(moduleSymp, newp->name(), newp, nullptr /*packagep*/);
        }
    }
    AstVar* foundToVarp(const VSymEnt* symp, AstNode* nodep, VAccess access) {
        // Return a variable if possible, auto converting a modport to variable
        if (!symp) {
            return nullptr;
        } else if (VN_IS(symp->nodep(), Var)) {
            return VN_CAST(symp->nodep(), Var);
        } else if (VN_IS(symp->nodep(), ModportVarRef)) {
            AstModportVarRef* snodep = VN_CAST(symp->nodep(), ModportVarRef);
            AstVar* varp = snodep->varp();
            if (access.isWriteOrRW() && snodep->direction().isReadOnly()) {
                nodep->v3error("Attempt to drive input-only modport: " << nodep->prettyNameQ());
            }  // else other simulators don't warn about reading, and IEEE doesn't say illegal
            return varp;
        } else {
            return nullptr;
        }
    }
    void taskFuncSwapCheck(AstNodeFTaskRef* nodep) {
        if (nodep->taskp() && VN_IS(nodep->taskp(), Task) && VN_IS(nodep, FuncRef)) {
            nodep->v3error("Illegal call of a task as a function: " << nodep->prettyNameQ());
        }
    }
    inline void checkNoDot(AstNode* nodep) {
        if (VL_UNLIKELY(m_ds.m_dotPos != DP_NONE)) {
            // UINFO(9, "ds=" << m_ds.ascii() << endl);
            nodep->v3error("Syntax Error: Not expecting " << nodep->type() << " under a "
                                                          << nodep->backp()->type()
                                                          << " in dotted expression");
            m_ds.m_dotErr = true;
        }
    }
    AstVar* findIfaceTopVarp(AstNode* nodep, VSymEnt* parentEntp, const string& name) {
        string findName = name + "__Viftop";
        VSymEnt* ifaceSymp = parentEntp->findIdFallback(findName);
        AstVar* ifaceTopVarp = ifaceSymp ? VN_CAST(ifaceSymp->nodep(), Var) : nullptr;
        UASSERT_OBJ(ifaceTopVarp, nodep, "Can't find interface var ref: " << findName);
        return ifaceTopVarp;
    }
    void markAndCheckPinDup(AstNode* nodep, AstNode* refp, const char* whatp) {
        if (refp->user5p() && refp->user5p() != nodep) {
            nodep->v3error("Duplicate " << whatp << " connection: " << nodep->prettyNameQ() << endl
                                        << nodep->warnContextPrimary() << endl
                                        << refp->user5p()->warnOther()
                                        << "... Location of original " << whatp << " connection\n"
                                        << refp->user5p()->warnContextSecondary());
        } else {
            refp->user5p(nodep);
        }
    }

    // VISITs
    virtual void visit(AstNetlist* nodep) override {
        // Recurse..., backward as must do packages before using packages
        iterateChildrenBackwards(nodep);
    }
    virtual void visit(AstTypeTable*) override {}
    virtual void visit(AstNodeModule* nodep) override {
        if (nodep->dead()) return;
        checkNoDot(nodep);
        UINFO(8, "  " << nodep << endl);
        m_ds.init(m_curSymp);
        m_ds.m_dotSymp = m_curSymp = m_modSymp
            = m_statep->getNodeSym(nodep);  // Until overridden by a SCOPE
        m_cellp = nullptr;
        m_modp = nodep;
        m_modportNum = 0;
        iterateChildren(nodep);
        m_modp = nullptr;
        m_ds.m_dotSymp = m_curSymp = m_modSymp = nullptr;
    }
    virtual void visit(AstScope* nodep) override {
        UINFO(8, "   " << nodep << endl);
        VL_RESTORER(m_modSymp);
        VL_RESTORER(m_curSymp);
        {
            checkNoDot(nodep);
            m_ds.m_dotSymp = m_curSymp = m_modSymp = m_statep->getScopeSym(nodep);
            iterateChildren(nodep);
            m_ds.m_dotSymp = m_curSymp = m_modSymp = nullptr;
        }
    }
    virtual void visit(AstCellInline* nodep) override {
        checkNoDot(nodep);
        if (m_statep->forScopeCreation() && !v3Global.opt.vpi()) {
            nodep->unlinkFrBack();
            VL_DO_DANGLING(pushDeletep(nodep), nodep);
        }
    }
    virtual void visit(AstCell* nodep) override {
        // Cell: Recurse inside or cleanup not founds
        checkNoDot(nodep);
        m_cellp = nodep;
        AstNode::user5ClearTree();
        UASSERT_OBJ(nodep->modp(), nodep,
                    "Cell has unlinked module");  // V3LinkCell should have errored out
        {
            if (VN_IS(nodep->modp(), NotFoundModule)) {
                // Prevent warnings about missing pin connects
                if (nodep->pinsp()) nodep->pinsp()->unlinkFrBackWithNext()->deleteTree();
                if (nodep->paramsp()) nodep->paramsp()->unlinkFrBackWithNext()->deleteTree();
            }
            // Need to pass the module info to this cell, so we can link up the pin names
            // However can't use m_curSymp as pin connections need to use the
            // instantiator's symbols
            else {
                m_pinSymp = m_statep->getNodeSym(nodep->modp());
                UINFO(4, "(Backto) Link Cell: " << nodep << endl);
                // if (debug()) nodep->dumpTree(cout, "linkcell:");
                // if (debug()) nodep->modp()->dumpTree(cout, "linkcemd:");
                iterateChildren(nodep);
                m_pinSymp = nullptr;
            }
        }
        m_cellp = nullptr;
        // Parent module inherits child's publicity
        // This is done bottom up in the LinkBotupVisitor stage
    }
    virtual void visit(AstPin* nodep) override {
        // Pin: Link to submodule's port
        checkNoDot(nodep);
        iterateChildren(nodep);
        if (!nodep->modVarp()) {
            UASSERT_OBJ(m_pinSymp, nodep, "Pin not under cell?");
            VSymEnt* foundp = m_pinSymp->findIdFlat(nodep->name());
            const char* whatp = nodep->param() ? "parameter pin" : "pin";
            if (!foundp) {
                if (nodep->name() == "__paramNumber1" && VN_IS(m_cellp->modp(), Primitive)) {
                    // Primitive parameter is really a delay we can just ignore
                    VL_DO_DANGLING(nodep->unlinkFrBack()->deleteTree(), nodep);
                    return;
                }
                string suggest
                    = (nodep->param() ? m_statep->suggestSymFlat(m_pinSymp, nodep->name(),
                                                                 LinkNodeMatcherVarParam())
                                      : m_statep->suggestSymFlat(m_pinSymp, nodep->name(),
                                                                 LinkNodeMatcherVarIO()));
                nodep->v3error(ucfirst(whatp)
                               << " not found: " << nodep->prettyNameQ() << endl
                               << (suggest.empty() ? "" : nodep->warnMore() + suggest));
            } else if (AstVar* refp = VN_CAST(foundp->nodep(), Var)) {
                if (!refp->isIO() && !refp->isParam() && !refp->isIfaceRef()) {
                    nodep->v3error(ucfirst(whatp) << " is not an in/out/inout/param/interface: "
                                                  << nodep->prettyNameQ());
                } else {
                    nodep->modVarp(refp);
                    markAndCheckPinDup(nodep, refp, whatp);
                }
            } else if (AstParamTypeDType* refp = VN_CAST(foundp->nodep(), ParamTypeDType)) {
                nodep->modPTypep(refp);
                markAndCheckPinDup(nodep, refp, whatp);
            } else {
                nodep->v3error(ucfirst(whatp) << " not found: " << nodep->prettyNameQ());
            }
        }
        // Early return() above when deleted
    }
    virtual void visit(AstDot* nodep) override {
        // Legal under a DOT: AstDot, AstParseRef, AstPackageRef, AstNodeSel
        //    also a DOT can be part of an expression, but only above plus
        //    AstFTaskRef are legal children
        // DOT(PACKAGEREF, PARSEREF(text))
        // DOT(DOT(DOT(PARSEREF(text), ...
        if (nodep->user3SetOnce()) return;
        UINFO(8, "     " << nodep << endl);
        DotStates lastStates = m_ds;
        bool start = (m_ds.m_dotPos == DP_NONE);  // Save, as m_dotp will be changed
        {
            if (start) {  // Starting dot sequence
                if (debug() >= 9) nodep->dumpTree("-dot-in: ");
                m_ds.init(m_curSymp);  // Start from current point
            }
            m_ds.m_dotp = nodep;  // Always, not just at start
            m_ds.m_dotPos = DP_SCOPE;

            if (VN_IS(nodep->lhsp(), ParseRef) && nodep->lhsp()->name() == "this") {
                VSymEnt* classSymp = m_ds.m_dotSymp;
                do {
                    classSymp = classSymp->fallbackp();
                } while (classSymp && !VN_IS(classSymp->nodep(), Class));
                m_ds.m_dotSymp = classSymp;
                if (!classSymp) {
                    nodep->v3error("'this' used outside class");
                    m_ds.m_dotErr = true;
                }
            } else if (VN_IS(nodep->lhsp(), ClassOrPackageRef)) {
                // m_ds.m_dotText communicates the cell prefix between stages
                // if (!start) { nodep->lhsp()->v3error("Package reference may not be embedded in
                // dotted reference"); m_ds.m_dotErr=true; }
                m_ds.m_dotPos = DP_PACKAGE;
            } else {
                m_ds.m_dotPos = DP_SCOPE;
                iterateAndNextNull(nodep->lhsp());
                // if (debug() >= 9) nodep->dumpTree("-dot-lho: ");
            }
            if (m_ds.m_unresolved
                && (VN_IS(nodep->lhsp(), CellRef) || VN_IS(nodep->lhsp(), CellArrayRef))) {
                m_ds.m_unlinkedScopep = nodep->lhsp();
            }
            if (!m_ds.m_dotErr) {  // Once something wrong, give up
                // Top 'final' dot RHS is final RHS, else it's a
                // DOT(DOT(x,*here*),real-rhs) which we consider a RHS
                if (start && m_ds.m_dotPos == DP_SCOPE) m_ds.m_dotPos = DP_FINAL;
                iterateAndNextNull(nodep->rhsp());
                // if (debug() >= 9) nodep->dumpTree("-dot-rho: ");
            }
            if (start) {
                AstNode* newp;
                if (m_ds.m_dotErr) {
                    newp = new AstConst(nodep->fileline(), AstConst::LogicFalse());
                } else {
                    // RHS is what we're left with
                    newp = nodep->rhsp()->unlinkFrBack();
                }
                if (debug() >= 9) newp->dumpTree("-dot-out: ");
                nodep->replaceWith(newp);
                VL_DO_DANGLING(pushDeletep(nodep), nodep);
            } else {  // Dot midpoint
                AstNode* newp = nodep->rhsp()->unlinkFrBack();
                if (m_ds.m_unresolved) {
                    AstCellRef* crp = new AstCellRef(nodep->fileline(), nodep->name(),
                                                     nodep->lhsp()->unlinkFrBack(), newp);
                    newp = crp;
                }
                nodep->replaceWith(newp);
                VL_DO_DANGLING(pushDeletep(nodep), nodep);
            }
        }
        if (start) {
            m_ds = lastStates;
        } else {
            m_ds.m_dotp = lastStates.m_dotp;
        }
    }
    virtual void visit(AstParseRef* nodep) override {
        if (nodep->user3SetOnce()) return;
        UINFO(9, "   linkPARSEREF " << m_ds.ascii() << "  n=" << nodep << endl);
        // m_curSymp is symbol table of outer expression
        // m_ds.m_dotSymp is symbol table relative to "."'s above now
        UASSERT_OBJ(m_ds.m_dotSymp, nodep, "nullptr lookup symbol table");
        // Generally resolved during Primay, but might be at param time under AstUnlinkedRef
        UASSERT_OBJ(m_statep->forPrimary() || m_statep->forPrearray(), nodep,
                    "ParseRefs should no longer exist");
        if (nodep->name() == "super") { nodep->v3warn(E_UNSUPPORTED, "Unsupported: super"); }
        DotStates lastStates = m_ds;
        bool start = (m_ds.m_dotPos == DP_NONE);  // Save, as m_dotp will be changed
        if (start) {
            m_ds.init(m_curSymp);
            // Note m_ds.m_dot remains nullptr; this is a reference not under a dot
        }
        if (nodep->name() == "super") {
            nodep->v3warn(E_UNSUPPORTED, "Unsupported: super");
            m_ds.m_dotErr = true;
        }
        if (m_ds.m_dotPos == DP_MEMBER) {
            // Found a Var, everything following is membership.  {scope}.{var}.HERE {member}
            AstNode* varEtcp = m_ds.m_dotp->lhsp()->unlinkFrBack();
            AstNode* newp
                = new AstMemberSel(nodep->fileline(), varEtcp, VFlagChildDType(), nodep->name());
            if (m_ds.m_dotErr) {
                nodep->unlinkFrBack();  // Avoid circular node loop on errors
            } else {
                nodep->replaceWith(newp);
            }
            VL_DO_DANGLING(pushDeletep(nodep), nodep);
        } else {
            //
            string expectWhat;
            bool allowScope = false;
            bool allowVar = false;
            if (m_ds.m_dotPos == DP_PACKAGE) {
                // {package}::{a}
                AstNodeModule* packagep = nullptr;
                expectWhat = "scope/variable";
                allowScope = true;
                allowVar = true;
                UASSERT_OBJ(VN_IS(m_ds.m_dotp->lhsp(), ClassOrPackageRef), m_ds.m_dotp->lhsp(),
                            "Bad package link");
                AstClassOrPackageRef* cpackagerefp
                    = VN_CAST(m_ds.m_dotp->lhsp(), ClassOrPackageRef);
                packagep = cpackagerefp->classOrPackagep();
                UASSERT_OBJ(packagep, m_ds.m_dotp->lhsp(), "Bad package link");
                m_ds.m_dotSymp = m_statep->getNodeSym(packagep);
                m_ds.m_dotPos = DP_SCOPE;
            } else if (m_ds.m_dotPos == DP_SCOPE) {
                // {a}.{b}, where {a} maybe a module name
                // or variable, where dotting into structure member
                expectWhat = "scope/variable";
                allowScope = true;
                allowVar = true;
            } else if (m_ds.m_dotPos == DP_NONE || m_ds.m_dotPos == DP_FINAL) {
                expectWhat = "variable";
                allowVar = true;
            } else {
                UINFO(1, "ds=" << m_ds.ascii() << endl);
                nodep->v3fatalSrc("Unhandled VParseRefExp");
            }
            // Lookup
            VSymEnt* foundp;
            string baddot;
            VSymEnt* okSymp = nullptr;
            if (allowScope) {
                foundp = m_statep->findDotted(nodep->fileline(), m_ds.m_dotSymp, nodep->name(),
                                              baddot, okSymp);  // Maybe nullptr
            } else {
                foundp = m_ds.m_dotSymp->findIdFallback(nodep->name());
            }
            if (foundp) {
                UINFO(9, "     found=se" << cvtToHex(foundp) << "  exp=" << expectWhat
                                         << "  n=" << foundp->nodep() << endl);
            }
            // What fell out?
            bool ok = false;
            if (!foundp) {
            } else if (VN_IS(foundp->nodep(), Cell) || VN_IS(foundp->nodep(), Begin)
                       || VN_IS(foundp->nodep(), Netlist)  // for $root
                       || VN_IS(foundp->nodep(), Module)) {  // if top
                if (allowScope) {
                    ok = true;
                    m_ds.m_dotText = VString::dot(m_ds.m_dotText, ".", nodep->name());
                    m_ds.m_dotSymp = foundp;
                    m_ds.m_dotPos = DP_SCOPE;
                    // Upper AstDot visitor will handle it from here
                } else if (VN_IS(foundp->nodep(), Cell) && allowVar && m_cellp) {
                    AstCell* cellp = VN_CAST(foundp->nodep(), Cell);
                    if (VN_IS(cellp->modp(), Iface)) {
                        // Interfaces can be referenced like a variable for interconnect
                        VSymEnt* cellEntp = m_statep->getNodeSym(cellp);
                        UASSERT_OBJ(cellEntp, nodep, "No interface sym entry");
                        VSymEnt* parentEntp
                            = cellEntp->parentp();  // Container of the var; probably a module or
                                                    // generate begin
                        AstVar* ifaceRefVarp = findIfaceTopVarp(nodep, parentEntp, nodep->name());
                        //
                        ok = true;
                        m_ds.m_dotText = VString::dot(m_ds.m_dotText, ".", nodep->name());
                        m_ds.m_dotSymp = foundp;
                        m_ds.m_dotPos = DP_SCOPE;
                        UINFO(9, " cell -> iface varref " << foundp->nodep() << endl);
                        AstNode* newp
                            = new AstVarRef(ifaceRefVarp->fileline(), ifaceRefVarp, VAccess::READ);
                        nodep->replaceWith(newp);
                        VL_DO_DANGLING(pushDeletep(nodep), nodep);
                    } else if (VN_IS(cellp->modp(), NotFoundModule)) {
                        cellp->modNameFileline()->v3error("Cannot find file containing interface: "
                                                          << cellp->modp()->prettyNameQ());
                    }
                }
            } else if (AstVar* varp = foundToVarp(foundp, nodep, VAccess::READ)) {
                AstIfaceRefDType* ifacerefp = LinkDotState::ifaceRefFromArray(varp->subDTypep());
                if (ifacerefp) {
                    UASSERT_OBJ(ifacerefp->ifaceViaCellp(), ifacerefp, "Unlinked interface");
                    // Really this is a scope reference into an interface
                    UINFO(9, "varref-ifaceref " << m_ds.m_dotText << "  " << nodep << endl);
                    m_ds.m_dotText = VString::dot(m_ds.m_dotText, ".", nodep->name());
                    m_ds.m_dotSymp = m_statep->getNodeSym(ifacerefp->ifaceViaCellp());
                    m_ds.m_dotPos = DP_SCOPE;
                    ok = true;
                    AstNode* newp = new AstVarRef(nodep->fileline(), varp, VAccess::READ);
                    nodep->replaceWith(newp);
                    VL_DO_DANGLING(pushDeletep(nodep), nodep);
                } else if (allowVar) {
                    AstNode* newp;
                    if (m_ds.m_dotText != "") {
                        AstVarXRef* refp
                            = new AstVarXRef(nodep->fileline(), nodep->name(), m_ds.m_dotText,
                                             VAccess::READ);  // lvalue'ness computed later
                        refp->varp(varp);
                        if (varp->attrSplitVar()) {
                            refp->v3warn(
                                SPLITVAR,
                                varp->prettyNameQ()
                                    << " has split_var metacomment but will not be split because"
                                    << " it is accessed from another module via a dot.");
                            varp->attrSplitVar(false);
                        }
                        m_ds.m_dotText = "";
                        if (m_ds.m_unresolved && m_ds.m_unlinkedScopep) {
                            string dotted = refp->dotted();
                            size_t pos = dotted.find("__BRA__??__KET__");
                            // Arrays of interfaces all have the same parameters
                            if (pos != string::npos && varp->isParam()
                                && VN_IS(m_ds.m_unlinkedScopep, CellArrayRef)) {
                                refp->dotted(dotted.substr(0, pos));
                                newp = refp;
                            } else {
                                newp = new AstUnlinkedRef(nodep->fileline(),
                                                          VN_CAST(refp, VarXRef), refp->name(),
                                                          m_ds.m_unlinkedScopep->unlinkFrBack());
                                m_ds.m_unlinkedScopep = nullptr;
                                m_ds.m_unresolved = false;
                            }
                        } else {
                            newp = refp;
                        }
                    } else {
                        AstVarRef* refp
                            = new AstVarRef(nodep->fileline(), varp,
                                            VAccess::READ);  // lvalue'ness computed later
                        refp->packagep(foundp->packagep());
                        newp = refp;
                    }
                    UINFO(9, "    new " << newp << endl);
                    nodep->replaceWith(newp);
                    VL_DO_DANGLING(pushDeletep(nodep), nodep);
                    m_ds.m_dotPos = DP_MEMBER;
                    ok = true;
                }
            } else if (AstModport* modportp = VN_CAST(foundp->nodep(), Modport)) {
                // A scope reference into an interface's modport (not
                // necessarily at a pin connection)
                UINFO(9, "cell-ref-to-modport " << m_ds.m_dotText << "  " << nodep << endl);
                UINFO(9, "unlinked " << m_ds.m_unlinkedScopep << endl);
                UINFO(9, "dotSymp " << m_ds.m_dotSymp << " " << m_ds.m_dotSymp->nodep() << endl);
                // Iface was the previously dotted component
                if (!m_ds.m_dotSymp || !VN_IS(m_ds.m_dotSymp->nodep(), Cell)
                    || !VN_CAST(m_ds.m_dotSymp->nodep(), Cell)->modp()
                    || !VN_IS(VN_CAST(m_ds.m_dotSymp->nodep(), Cell)->modp(), Iface)) {
                    nodep->v3error("Modport not referenced as <interface>."
                                   << modportp->prettyNameQ());
                } else if (!VN_CAST(m_ds.m_dotSymp->nodep(), Cell)->modp()
                           || !VN_IS(VN_CAST(m_ds.m_dotSymp->nodep(), Cell)->modp(), Iface)) {
                    nodep->v3error("Modport not referenced from underneath an interface: "
                                   << modportp->prettyNameQ());
                } else {
                    AstCell* cellp = VN_CAST(m_ds.m_dotSymp->nodep(), Cell);
                    UASSERT_OBJ(cellp, nodep, "Modport not referenced from a cell");
                    VSymEnt* cellEntp = m_statep->getNodeSym(cellp);
                    UASSERT_OBJ(cellEntp, nodep, "No interface sym entry");
                    VSymEnt* parentEntp = cellEntp->parentp();  // Container of the var; probably a
                                                                // module or generate begin
                    // We drop __BRA__??__KET__ as cells don't have that naming yet
                    AstVar* ifaceRefVarp = findIfaceTopVarp(nodep, parentEntp, cellp->name());
                    //
                    ok = true;
                    m_ds.m_dotText = VString::dot(m_ds.m_dotText, ".", nodep->name());
                    m_ds.m_dotSymp = foundp;
                    m_ds.m_dotPos = DP_SCOPE;
                    UINFO(9, " cell -> iface varref " << foundp->nodep() << endl);
                    AstNode* newp
                        = new AstVarRef(ifaceRefVarp->fileline(), ifaceRefVarp, VAccess::READ);
                    auto* cellarrayrefp = VN_CAST(m_ds.m_unlinkedScopep, CellArrayRef);
                    if (cellarrayrefp) {
                        // iface[vec].modport became CellArrayRef(iface, lsb)
                        // Convert back to SelBit(iface, lsb)
                        UINFO(9, " Array modport to SelBit " << cellarrayrefp << endl);
                        newp = new AstSelBit(cellarrayrefp->fileline(), newp,
                                             cellarrayrefp->selp()->unlinkFrBack());
                        newp->user3(true);  // Don't process again
                        VL_DO_DANGLING(cellarrayrefp->unlinkFrBack(), cellarrayrefp);
                        m_ds.m_unlinkedScopep = nullptr;
                    }
                    nodep->replaceWith(newp);
                    VL_DO_DANGLING(pushDeletep(nodep), nodep);
                }
            } else if (AstEnumItem* valuep = VN_CAST(foundp->nodep(), EnumItem)) {
                if (allowVar) {
                    AstNode* newp
                        = new AstEnumItemRef(nodep->fileline(), valuep, foundp->packagep());
                    nodep->replaceWith(newp);
                    VL_DO_DANGLING(pushDeletep(nodep), nodep);
                    ok = true;
                    m_ds.m_dotText = "";
                }
            } else if (AstLambdaArgRef* argrefp = VN_CAST(foundp->nodep(), LambdaArgRef)) {
                if (allowVar) {
                    AstNode* newp = new AstLambdaArgRef(nodep->fileline(), argrefp->name());
                    nodep->replaceWith(newp);
                    VL_DO_DANGLING(pushDeletep(nodep), nodep);
                    ok = true;
                    m_ds.m_dotText = "";
                }
            }
            //
            if (!ok) {
                // Cells/interfaces can't be implicit
                bool isCell = foundp ? VN_IS(foundp->nodep(), Cell) : false;
                bool checkImplicit = (!m_ds.m_dotp && m_ds.m_dotText == "" && !isCell);
                bool err = !(checkImplicit && m_statep->implicitOk(m_modp, nodep->name()));
                if (err) {
                    if (foundp) {
                        nodep->v3error("Found definition of '"
                                       << m_ds.m_dotText << (m_ds.m_dotText == "" ? "" : ".")
                                       << nodep->prettyName() << "'"
                                       << " as a " << foundp->nodep()->typeName()
                                       << " but expected a " << expectWhat);
                    } else if (m_ds.m_dotText == "") {
                        UINFO(7, "   ErrParseRef curSymp=se" << cvtToHex(m_curSymp)
                                                             << " ds=" << m_ds.ascii() << endl);
                        string suggest = m_statep->suggestSymFallback(
                            m_ds.m_dotSymp, nodep->name(), VNodeMatcher());
                        nodep->v3error("Can't find definition of "
                                       << expectWhat << ": " << nodep->prettyNameQ() << endl
                                       << (suggest.empty() ? "" : nodep->warnMore() + suggest));
                    } else {
                        nodep->v3error("Can't find definition of "
                                       << (!baddot.empty() ? AstNode::prettyNameQ(baddot)
                                                           : nodep->prettyNameQ())
                                       << " in dotted " << expectWhat << ": '"
                                       << m_ds.m_dotText + "." + nodep->prettyName() << "'");
                        if (okSymp) {
                            okSymp->cellErrorScopes(nodep, AstNode::prettyName(m_ds.m_dotText));
                        }
                    }
                    m_ds.m_dotErr = true;
                }
                if (checkImplicit) {
                    // Create if implicit, and also if error (so only complain once)
                    // Else if a scope is allowed, making a signal won't help error cascade
                    AstVarRef* newp
                        = new AstVarRef(nodep->fileline(), nodep->name(), VAccess::READ);
                    nodep->replaceWith(newp);
                    VL_DO_DANGLING(pushDeletep(nodep), nodep);
                    createImplicitVar(m_curSymp, newp, m_modp, m_modSymp, err);
                }
            }
        }
        if (start) m_ds = lastStates;
    }
    virtual void visit(AstVarRef* nodep) override {
        // VarRef: Resolve its reference
        // ParseRefs are used the first pass (forPrimary) so we shouldn't get can't find
        // errors here now that we have a VarRef.
        // No checkNoDot; created and iterated from a parseRef
        iterateChildren(nodep);
        if (!nodep->varp()) {
            UINFO(9, " linkVarRef se" << cvtToHex(m_curSymp) << "  n=" << nodep << endl);
            UASSERT_OBJ(m_curSymp, nodep, "nullptr lookup symbol table");
            VSymEnt* foundp = m_curSymp->findIdFallback(nodep->name());
            if (AstVar* varp = foundp ? foundToVarp(foundp, nodep, nodep->access()) : nullptr) {
                nodep->varp(varp);
                // Generally set by parse, but might be an import
                nodep->packagep(foundp->packagep());
            }
            if (!nodep->varp()) {
                nodep->v3error("Can't find definition of signal, again: " << nodep->prettyNameQ());
            }
        }
    }
    virtual void visit(AstVarXRef* nodep) override {
        // VarRef: Resolve its reference
        // We always link even if varp() is set, because the module we choose may change
        // due to creating new modules, flattening, etc.
        if (nodep->user3SetOnce()) return;
        UINFO(8, "     " << nodep << endl);
        // No checkNoDot; created and iterated from a parseRef
        if (!m_modSymp) {
            // Module that is not in hierarchy.  We'll be dead code eliminating it later.
            UINFO(9, "Dead module for " << nodep << endl);
            nodep->varp(nullptr);
        } else {
            string baddot;
            VSymEnt* okSymp;
            VSymEnt* dotSymp = m_curSymp;  // Start search at current scope
            if (nodep->inlinedDots() != "") {  // Correct for current scope
                // Dotted lookup is always relative to module, as maybe
                // variable name lower down with same scope name we want to
                // ignore (t_math_divw)
                dotSymp = m_modSymp;
                string inl = AstNode::dedotName(nodep->inlinedDots());
                dotSymp = m_statep->findDotted(nodep->fileline(), dotSymp, inl, baddot, okSymp);
                UASSERT_OBJ(dotSymp, nodep,
                            "Couldn't resolve inlined scope " << AstNode::prettyNameQ(baddot)
                                                              << " in: " << nodep->inlinedDots());
            }
            dotSymp = m_statep->findDotted(nodep->fileline(), dotSymp, nodep->dotted(), baddot,
                                           okSymp);  // Maybe nullptr
            if (!m_statep->forScopeCreation()) {
                VSymEnt* foundp = m_statep->findSymPrefixed(dotSymp, nodep->name(), baddot);
                AstVar* varp = foundp ? foundToVarp(foundp, nodep, nodep->access()) : nullptr;
                nodep->varp(varp);
                UINFO(7, "         Resolved " << nodep << endl);  // Also prints varp
                if (!nodep->varp()) {
                    nodep->v3error("Can't find definition of "
                                   << AstNode::prettyNameQ(baddot) << " in dotted signal: '"
                                   << nodep->dotted() + "." + nodep->prettyName() << "'");
                    okSymp->cellErrorScopes(nodep);
                    return;
                }
                // V3Inst may have expanded arrays of interfaces to
                // AstVarXRef's even though they are in the same module detect
                // this and convert to normal VarRefs
                if (!m_statep->forPrearray() && !m_statep->forScopeCreation()) {
                    if (VN_IS(nodep->dtypep(), IfaceRefDType)) {
                        AstVarRef* newrefp
                            = new AstVarRef(nodep->fileline(), nodep->varp(), nodep->access());
                        nodep->replaceWith(newrefp);
                        VL_DO_DANGLING(nodep->deleteTree(), nodep);
                    }
                }
            } else {
                VSymEnt* foundp = m_statep->findSymPrefixed(dotSymp, nodep->name(), baddot);
                AstVarScope* vscp = foundp ? VN_CAST(foundp->nodep(), VarScope) : nullptr;
                if (!vscp) {
                    nodep->v3error("Can't find varpin scope of "
                                   << AstNode::prettyNameQ(baddot) << " in dotted signal: '"
                                   << nodep->dotted() + "." + nodep->prettyName() << "'");
                    okSymp->cellErrorScopes(nodep);
                } else {
                    while (vscp->user2p()) {  // If V3Inline aliased it, pick up the new signal
                        UINFO(7, "         Resolved pre-alias " << vscp
                                                                << endl);  // Also prints taskp
                        vscp = VN_CAST(vscp->user2p(), VarScope);
                    }
                    // Convert the VarXRef to a VarRef, so we don't need
                    // later optimizations to deal with VarXRef.
                    nodep->varp(vscp->varp());
                    nodep->varScopep(vscp);
                    UINFO(7, "         Resolved " << nodep << endl);  // Also prints taskp
                    AstVarRef* newvscp = new AstVarRef(nodep->fileline(), vscp, nodep->access());
                    nodep->replaceWith(newvscp);
                    VL_DO_DANGLING(nodep->deleteTree(), nodep);
                    UINFO(9, "         new " << newvscp << endl);  // Also prints taskp
                }
            }
        }
    }
    virtual void visit(AstEnumDType* nodep) override {
        iterateChildren(nodep);
        AstRefDType* refdtypep = VN_CAST(nodep->subDTypep(), RefDType);
        if (refdtypep && (nodep == refdtypep->subDTypep())) {
            refdtypep->v3error("Self-referential enumerated type definition");
        }
    }
    virtual void visit(AstEnumItemRef* nodep) override {
        // EnumItemRef may be under a dot.  Should already be resolved.
        iterateChildren(nodep);
    }
    virtual void visit(AstMethodCall* nodep) override {
        // Created here so should already be resolved.
        VL_RESTORER(m_ds);
        {
            m_ds.init(m_curSymp);
            iterateChildren(nodep);
        }
    }
    virtual void visit(AstVar* nodep) override {
        checkNoDot(nodep);
        iterateChildren(nodep);
        if (m_statep->forPrimary() && nodep->isIO() && !m_ftaskp && !nodep->user4()) {
            nodep->v3error(
                "Input/output/inout does not appear in port list: " << nodep->prettyNameQ());
        }
    }
    virtual void visit(AstNodeFTaskRef* nodep) override {
        if (nodep->user3SetOnce()) return;
        UINFO(8, "     " << nodep << endl);
        if (m_ds.m_dotp && m_ds.m_dotPos == DP_PACKAGE) {
            UASSERT_OBJ(VN_IS(m_ds.m_dotp->lhsp(), ClassOrPackageRef), m_ds.m_dotp->lhsp(),
                        "Bad package link");
            AstClassOrPackageRef* cpackagerefp = VN_CAST(m_ds.m_dotp->lhsp(), ClassOrPackageRef);
            if (cpackagerefp->name() == "process" || cpackagerefp->name() == "local") {
                nodep->v3warn(E_UNSUPPORTED,
                              "Unsupported: " << AstNode::prettyNameQ(cpackagerefp->name()));
            }
            if (cpackagerefp->paramsp()) {
                nodep->v3warn(E_UNSUPPORTED, "Unsupported: parameterized packages");
            }
            UASSERT_OBJ(cpackagerefp->classOrPackagep(), m_ds.m_dotp->lhsp(), "Bad package link");
            nodep->packagep(cpackagerefp->classOrPackagep());
            m_ds.m_dotPos = DP_SCOPE;
            m_ds.m_dotp = nullptr;
        } else if (m_ds.m_dotp && m_ds.m_dotPos == DP_FINAL) {
            if (m_ds.m_unresolved && m_ds.m_unlinkedScopep) {
                AstNodeFTaskRef* newftaskp = nodep->cloneTree(false);
                newftaskp->dotted(m_ds.m_dotText);
                AstNode* newp = new AstUnlinkedRef(nodep->fileline(), newftaskp, nodep->name(),
                                                   m_ds.m_unlinkedScopep->unlinkFrBack());
                m_ds.m_unlinkedScopep = nullptr;
                m_ds.m_unresolved = false;
                nodep->replaceWith(newp);
                return;
            } else {
                nodep->dotted(m_ds.m_dotText);  // Maybe ""
            }
        } else if (m_ds.m_dotp && m_ds.m_dotPos == DP_MEMBER) {
            // Found a Var, everything following is method call.
            // {scope}.{var}.HERE {method} ( ARGS )
            AstNode* varEtcp = m_ds.m_dotp->lhsp()->unlinkFrBack();
            AstNode* argsp = nullptr;
            if (nodep->pinsp()) argsp = nodep->pinsp()->unlinkFrBackWithNext();
            AstNode* newp = new AstMethodCall(nodep->fileline(), varEtcp, VFlagChildDType(),
                                              nodep->name(), argsp);
            nodep->replaceWith(newp);
            VL_DO_DANGLING(pushDeletep(nodep), nodep);
            return;
        } else {
            checkNoDot(nodep);
        }
        if (nodep->packagep() && nodep->taskp()) {
            // References into packages don't care about cell hierarchy.
        } else if (!m_modSymp) {
            // Module that is not in hierarchy.  We'll be dead code eliminating it later.
            UINFO(9, "Dead module for " << nodep << endl);
            nodep->taskp(nullptr);
        } else if (nodep->dotted() == "" && nodep->taskp()) {
            // Earlier should have setup the links
            // Might be under a BEGIN we're not processing, so don't relink it
        } else {
            string baddot;
            VSymEnt* okSymp = nullptr;
            VSymEnt* dotSymp = m_curSymp;  // Start search at module, as a variable
            // of same name under a subtask isn't a relevant hit however a
            // function under a begin/end is.  So we want begins, but not
            // the function
            if (nodep->packagep()) {  // Look only in specified package
                dotSymp = m_statep->getNodeSym(nodep->packagep());
            } else {
                if (nodep->inlinedDots() != "") {  // Correct for current scope
                    // Dotted lookup is always relative to module, as maybe
                    // variable name lower down with same scope name we want
                    // to ignore (t_math_divw)
                    dotSymp = m_modSymp;
                    string inl = AstNode::dedotName(nodep->inlinedDots());
                    UINFO(8, "    Inlined " << inl << endl);
                    dotSymp
                        = m_statep->findDotted(nodep->fileline(), dotSymp, inl, baddot, okSymp);
                    if (!dotSymp) {
                        okSymp->cellErrorScopes(nodep);
                        nodep->v3fatalSrc("Couldn't resolve inlined scope "
                                          << AstNode::prettyNameQ(baddot)
                                          << " in: " << nodep->inlinedDots());
                    }
                }
                dotSymp = m_statep->findDotted(nodep->fileline(), dotSymp, nodep->dotted(), baddot,
                                               okSymp);  // Maybe nullptr
            }
            VSymEnt* foundp = m_statep->findSymPrefixed(dotSymp, nodep->name(), baddot);
            AstNodeFTask* taskp
                = foundp ? VN_CAST(foundp->nodep(), NodeFTask) : nullptr;  // Maybe nullptr
            if (taskp) {
                nodep->taskp(taskp);
                nodep->packagep(foundp->packagep());
                UINFO(7, "         Resolved " << nodep << endl);  // Also prints taskp
            } else {
                // Note ParseRef has similar error handling/message output
                UINFO(7, "   ErrFtask curSymp=se" << cvtToHex(m_curSymp) << " dotSymp=se"
                                                  << cvtToHex(dotSymp) << endl);
                if (foundp) {
                    nodep->v3error("Found definition of '"
                                   << m_ds.m_dotText << (m_ds.m_dotText == "" ? "" : ".")
                                   << nodep->prettyName() << "'"
                                   << " as a " << foundp->nodep()->typeName()
                                   << " but expected a task/function");
                } else if (VN_IS(nodep, New) && m_statep->forPrearray()) {
                    // Resolved in V3Width
                } else if (nodep->dotted() == "") {
                    if (nodep->pli()) {
                        if (v3Global.opt.bboxSys()) {
                            AstNode* newp;
                            if (VN_IS(nodep, FuncRef)) {
                                newp = new AstConst(nodep->fileline(), AstConst::StringToParse(),
                                                    "'0");
                            } else {
                                AstNode* outp = nullptr;
                                while (nodep->pinsp()) {
                                    AstNode* pinp = nodep->pinsp()->unlinkFrBack();
                                    AstNode* addp = pinp;
                                    if (AstArg* argp = VN_CAST(pinp, Arg)) {
                                        addp = argp->exprp()->unlinkFrBack();
                                        VL_DO_DANGLING(pinp->deleteTree(), pinp);
                                    }
                                    outp = AstNode::addNext(outp, addp);
                                }
                                newp = new AstSysIgnore(nodep->fileline(), outp);
                            }
                            nodep->replaceWith(newp);
                            VL_DO_DANGLING(nodep->deleteTree(), nodep);
                            return;
                        } else {
                            nodep->v3error("Unsupported or unknown PLI call: "
                                           << nodep->prettyNameQ() << endl);
                        }
                    } else {
                        string suggest = m_statep->suggestSymFallback(dotSymp, nodep->name(),
                                                                      LinkNodeMatcherFTask());
                        nodep->v3error("Can't find definition of task/function: "
                                       << nodep->prettyNameQ() << endl
                                       << (suggest.empty() ? "" : nodep->warnMore() + suggest));
                    }
                } else {
                    string suggest = m_statep->suggestSymFallback(dotSymp, nodep->name(),
                                                                  LinkNodeMatcherFTask());
                    nodep->v3error("Can't find definition of "
                                   << AstNode::prettyNameQ(baddot) << " in dotted task/function: '"
                                   << nodep->dotted() + "." + nodep->prettyName() << "'\n"
                                   << (suggest.empty() ? "" : nodep->warnMore() + suggest));
                    okSymp->cellErrorScopes(nodep);
                }
            }
            taskFuncSwapCheck(nodep);
        }
        {
            VL_RESTORER(m_ds);
            m_ds.init(m_curSymp);
            iterateChildren(nodep);
        }
    }
    virtual void visit(AstSelBit* nodep) override {
        if (nodep->user3SetOnce()) return;
        iterateAndNextNull(nodep->lhsp());
        if (m_ds.m_dotPos
            == DP_SCOPE) {  // Already under dot, so this is {modulepart} DOT {modulepart}
            UINFO(9, "  deferring until after a V3Param pass: " << nodep << endl);
            m_ds.m_dotText += "__BRA__??__KET__";
            m_ds.m_unresolved = true;
            // And pass up m_ds.m_dotText
        }
        // Pass dot state down to fromp()
        iterateAndNextNull(nodep->fromp());
        {
            VL_RESTORER(m_ds);
            {
                m_ds.init(m_curSymp);
                iterateAndNextNull(nodep->bitp());
                iterateAndNextNull(nodep->attrp());
            }
        }
        if (m_ds.m_unresolved && m_ds.m_dotPos == DP_SCOPE) {
            AstNode* exprp = nodep->bitp()->unlinkFrBack();
            AstCellArrayRef* newp
                = new AstCellArrayRef(nodep->fileline(), nodep->fromp()->name(), exprp);
            nodep->replaceWith(newp);
            VL_DO_DANGLING(pushDeletep(nodep), nodep);
        }
    }
    virtual void visit(AstNodePreSel* nodep) override {
        // Excludes simple AstSelBit, see above
        if (nodep->user3SetOnce()) return;
        if (m_ds.m_dotPos
            == DP_SCOPE) {  // Already under dot, so this is {modulepart} DOT {modulepart}
            nodep->v3error("Syntax Error: Range ':', '+:' etc are not allowed in the cell part of "
                           "a dotted reference");
            m_ds.m_dotErr = true;
            return;
        }
        iterateAndNextNull(nodep->lhsp());
        VL_RESTORER(m_ds);
        {
            m_ds.init(m_curSymp);
            iterateAndNextNull(nodep->rhsp());
            iterateAndNextNull(nodep->thsp());
            iterateAndNextNull(nodep->attrp());
        }
    }
    virtual void visit(AstMemberSel* nodep) override {
        // checkNoDot not appropriate, can be under a dot
        iterateChildren(nodep);
    }
    virtual void visit(AstNodeBlock* nodep) override {
        UINFO(5, "   " << nodep << endl);
        checkNoDot(nodep);
        VSymEnt* oldCurSymp = m_curSymp;
        {
            if (nodep->name() != "") {
                m_ds.m_dotSymp = m_curSymp = m_statep->getNodeSym(nodep);
                UINFO(5, "   cur=se" << cvtToHex(m_curSymp) << endl);
            }
            iterateChildren(nodep);
        }
        m_ds.m_dotSymp = m_curSymp = oldCurSymp;
        UINFO(5, "   cur=se" << cvtToHex(m_curSymp) << endl);
    }
    virtual void visit(AstNodeFTask* nodep) override {
        UINFO(5, "   " << nodep << endl);
        checkNoDot(nodep);
        if (nodep->isExternDef()) {
            if (!m_curSymp->findIdFallback("extern " + nodep->name())) {
                nodep->v3error("extern not found that declares " + nodep->prettyNameQ());
            }
        }
        if (nodep->isExternProto()) {
            if (!m_curSymp->findIdFallback(nodep->name())) {
                nodep->v3error("definition not found for extern " + nodep->prettyNameQ());
            }
        }
        VSymEnt* oldCurSymp = m_curSymp;
        {
            m_ftaskp = nodep;
            m_ds.m_dotSymp = m_curSymp = m_statep->getNodeSym(nodep);
            iterateChildren(nodep);
        }
        m_ds.m_dotSymp = m_curSymp = oldCurSymp;
        m_ftaskp = nullptr;
    }
    virtual void visit(AstWith* nodep) override {
        UINFO(5, "   " << nodep << endl);
        checkNoDot(nodep);
        VSymEnt* oldCurSymp = m_curSymp;
        {
            m_ds.m_dotSymp = m_curSymp = m_statep->getNodeSym(nodep);
            iterateChildren(nodep);
        }
        m_ds.m_dotSymp = m_curSymp = oldCurSymp;
    }
    virtual void visit(AstClass* nodep) override {
        UINFO(5, "   " << nodep << endl);
        checkNoDot(nodep);
        VL_RESTORER(m_curSymp);
        VL_RESTORER(m_modSymp);
        {
            m_ds.init(m_curSymp);
            // Until overridden by a SCOPE
            m_ds.m_dotSymp = m_curSymp = m_modSymp = m_statep->getNodeSym(nodep);
            m_modp = nodep;
            for (AstNode* itemp = nodep->extendsp(); itemp; itemp = itemp->nextp()) {
                if (AstClassExtends* cextp = VN_CAST(itemp, ClassExtends)) {
                    // Replace abstract reference with hard pointer
                    // Will need later resolution when deal with parameters
                    if (cextp->childDTypep() || cextp->dtypep()) continue;  // Already converted
                    AstClassOrPackageRef* cpackagerefp
                        = VN_CAST(cextp->classOrPkgsp(), ClassOrPackageRef);
                    if (!cpackagerefp) {
                        cextp->v3error("Attempting to extend using a non-class ");
                    } else {
                        VSymEnt* foundp = m_curSymp->findIdFallback(cpackagerefp->name());
                        bool ok = false;
                        if (foundp) {
                            if (AstClass* classp = VN_CAST(foundp->nodep(), Class)) {
                                UINFO(8, "Import to " << nodep << " from export class " << classp
                                                      << endl);
                                AstClassRefDType* newp
                                    = new AstClassRefDType{nodep->fileline(), classp};
                                cextp->childDTypep(newp);
                                classp->isExtended(true);
                                nodep->isExtended(true);
                                VSymEnt* srcp = m_statep->getNodeSym(classp);
                                m_curSymp->importFromClass(m_statep->symsp(), srcp);
                                VL_DO_DANGLING(cpackagerefp->unlinkFrBack()->deleteTree(),
                                               cpackagerefp);
                                ok = true;
                            }
                        }
                        if (!ok) {
                            string suggest = m_statep->suggestSymFallback(
                                m_curSymp, cpackagerefp->name(), LinkNodeMatcherClass{});
                            cpackagerefp->v3error(
                                "Class to extend not found: "
                                << cpackagerefp->prettyNameQ() << endl
                                << (suggest.empty() ? "" : cpackagerefp->warnMore() + suggest));
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            iterateChildren(nodep);
        }
        // V3Width when determines types needs to find enum values and such
        // so add members pointing to appropriate enum values
        {
            nodep->repairCache();
            for (VSymEnt::const_iterator it = m_curSymp->begin(); it != m_curSymp->end(); ++it) {
                AstNode* itemp = it->second->nodep();
                if (!nodep->findMember(it->first)) {
                    if (AstEnumItem* aitemp = VN_CAST(itemp, EnumItem)) {
                        AstEnumItemRef* newp = new AstEnumItemRef(aitemp->fileline(), aitemp,
                                                                  it->second->packagep());
                        UINFO(8, "Class import noderef '" << it->first << "' " << newp << endl);
                        nodep->addMembersp(newp);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    virtual void visit(AstRefDType* nodep) override {
        // Resolve its reference
        if (nodep->user3SetOnce()) return;
        if (AstNode* cpackagep = nodep->classOrPackagep()) {
            if (AstClassOrPackageRef* cpackagerefp = VN_CAST(cpackagep, ClassOrPackageRef)) {
                if (cpackagerefp->packagep()) {
                    nodep->packagep(cpackagerefp->packagep());
                } else {
                    nodep->packagep(cpackagerefp->classOrPackagep());
                    if (!VN_IS(nodep->packagep(), Class) && !VN_IS(nodep->packagep(), Package)) {
                        cpackagerefp->v3error(
                            "'::' expected to reference a class/package but referenced "
                            << nodep->packagep()->prettyTypeName() << endl
                            << cpackagerefp->warnMore() + "... Suggest '.' instead of '::'");
                    }
                }
            } else {
                cpackagep->v3warn(E_UNSUPPORTED,
                                  "Unsupported: Multiple '::' package/class reference");
            }
            VL_DO_DANGLING(cpackagep->unlinkFrBack()->deleteTree(), cpackagep);
        } else if (nodep->paramsp()) {
            nodep->v3warn(E_UNSUPPORTED, "Unsupported: parameterized packages");
        }
        if (m_ds.m_dotp && m_ds.m_dotPos == DP_PACKAGE) {
            UASSERT_OBJ(VN_IS(m_ds.m_dotp->lhsp(), ClassOrPackageRef), m_ds.m_dotp->lhsp(),
                        "Bad package link");
            UASSERT_OBJ(VN_CAST(m_ds.m_dotp->lhsp(), ClassOrPackageRef)->packagep(),
                        m_ds.m_dotp->lhsp(), "Bad package link");
            nodep->packagep(VN_CAST(m_ds.m_dotp->lhsp(), ClassOrPackageRef)->packagep());
            m_ds.m_dotPos = DP_SCOPE;
            m_ds.m_dotp = nullptr;
        } else {
            checkNoDot(nodep);
        }
        if (nodep->typeofp()) {  // Really is a typeof not a reference
        } else if (!nodep->typedefp() && !nodep->subDTypep()) {
            VSymEnt* foundp;
            if (nodep->packagep()) {
                foundp = m_statep->getNodeSym(nodep->packagep())->findIdFlat(nodep->name());
            } else {
                foundp = m_curSymp->findIdFallback(nodep->name());
            }
            if (AstTypedef* defp = foundp ? VN_CAST(foundp->nodep(), Typedef) : nullptr) {
                nodep->typedefp(defp);
                nodep->packagep(foundp->packagep());
            } else if (AstParamTypeDType* defp
                       = foundp ? VN_CAST(foundp->nodep(), ParamTypeDType) : nullptr) {
                nodep->refDTypep(defp);
                nodep->packagep(foundp->packagep());
            } else if (AstClass* defp = foundp ? VN_CAST(foundp->nodep(), Class) : nullptr) {
                AstClassRefDType* newp = new AstClassRefDType(nodep->fileline(), defp);
                newp->packagep(foundp->packagep());
                nodep->replaceWith(newp);
                VL_DO_DANGLING(nodep->deleteTree(), nodep);
                return;
            } else {
                if (foundp) UINFO(1, "Found sym node: " << foundp->nodep() << endl);
                nodep->v3error("Can't find typedef: " << nodep->prettyNameQ());
            }
        }
        iterateChildren(nodep);
    }
    virtual void visit(AstDpiExport* nodep) override {
        // AstDpiExport: Make sure the function referenced exists, then dump it
        iterateChildren(nodep);
        checkNoDot(nodep);
        VSymEnt* foundp = m_curSymp->findIdFallback(nodep->name());
        AstNodeFTask* taskp = foundp ? VN_CAST(foundp->nodep(), NodeFTask) : nullptr;
        if (!taskp) {
            nodep->v3error(
                "Can't find definition of exported task/function: " << nodep->prettyNameQ());
        } else if (taskp->dpiExport()) {
            nodep->v3error("Function was already DPI Exported, duplicate not allowed: "
                           << nodep->prettyNameQ());
        } else {
            taskp->dpiExport(true);
            if (nodep->cname() != "") taskp->cname(nodep->cname());
        }
        VL_DO_DANGLING(nodep->unlinkFrBack()->deleteTree(), nodep);
    }
    virtual void visit(AstPackageImport* nodep) override {
        // No longer needed
        checkNoDot(nodep);
        VL_DO_DANGLING(nodep->unlinkFrBack()->deleteTree(), nodep);
    }
    virtual void visit(AstPackageExport* nodep) override {
        // No longer needed
        checkNoDot(nodep);
        VL_DO_DANGLING(nodep->unlinkFrBack()->deleteTree(), nodep);
    }
    virtual void visit(AstPackageExportStarStar* nodep) override {
        // No longer needed
        checkNoDot(nodep);
        VL_DO_DANGLING(nodep->unlinkFrBack()->deleteTree(), nodep);
    }
    virtual void visit(AstCellRef* nodep) override {
        UINFO(5, "  AstCellRef: " << nodep << " " << m_ds.ascii() << endl);
        iterateChildren(nodep);
    }
    virtual void visit(AstCellArrayRef* nodep) override {
        UINFO(5, "  AstCellArrayRef: " << nodep << " " << m_ds.ascii() << endl);
        // Expression already iterated
    }
    virtual void visit(AstUnlinkedRef* nodep) override {
        UINFO(5, "  AstCellArrayRef: " << nodep << " " << m_ds.ascii() << endl);
        // No need to iterate, if we have a UnlinkedVarXRef, we're already done
    }

    virtual void visit(AstNode* nodep) override {
        checkNoDot(nodep);
        iterateChildren(nodep);
    }

public:
    // CONSTRUCTORS
    LinkDotResolveVisitor(AstNetlist* rootp, LinkDotState* statep)
        : m_statep{statep} {
        UINFO(4, __FUNCTION__ << ": " << endl);
        iterate(rootp);
    }
    virtual ~LinkDotResolveVisitor() override {}
};

//######################################################################
// Link class functions

int V3LinkDot::debug() { return LinkDotState::debug(); }

void V3LinkDot::linkDotGuts(AstNetlist* rootp, VLinkDotStep step) {
    if (LinkDotState::debug() >= 5 || v3Global.opt.dumpTree() >= 9) {
        v3Global.rootp()->dumpTreeFile(v3Global.debugFilename("prelinkdot.tree"));
    }
    LinkDotState state(rootp, step);
    LinkDotFindVisitor visitor(rootp, &state);
    if (LinkDotState::debug() >= 5 || v3Global.opt.dumpTree() >= 9) {
        v3Global.rootp()->dumpTreeFile(v3Global.debugFilename("prelinkdot-find.tree"));
    }
    if (step == LDS_PRIMARY || step == LDS_PARAMED) {
        // Initial link stage, resolve parameters
        LinkDotParamVisitor visitors(rootp, &state);
        if (LinkDotState::debug() >= 5 || v3Global.opt.dumpTree() >= 9) {
            v3Global.rootp()->dumpTreeFile(v3Global.debugFilename("prelinkdot-param.tree"));
        }
    } else if (step == LDS_ARRAYED) {
    } else if (step == LDS_SCOPED) {
        // Well after the initial link when we're ready to operate on the flat design,
        // process AstScope's.  This needs to be separate pass after whole hierarchy graph created.
        LinkDotScopeVisitor visitors(rootp, &state);
        if (LinkDotState::debug() >= 5 || v3Global.opt.dumpTree() >= 9) {
            v3Global.rootp()->dumpTreeFile(v3Global.debugFilename("prelinkdot-scoped.tree"));
        }
    } else {
        v3fatalSrc("Bad case");
    }
    state.dump();
    state.computeIfaceModSyms();
    state.computeIfaceVarSyms();
    state.computeScopeAliases();
    state.dump();
    LinkDotResolveVisitor visitorb(rootp, &state);
}
