File: 2.4.0.txt [sequel-3.12.0 Documentation]

### Home Classes Methods

### Files

- CHANGELOG
- COPYING
- README.rdoc
- advanced_associations.rdoc
- association_basics.rdoc
- cheat_sheet.rdoc
- dataset_basics.rdoc
- dataset_filtering.rdoc
- migration.rdoc
- model_hooks.rdoc
- opening_databases.rdoc
- prepared_statements.rdoc
- querying.rdoc
- reflection.rdoc
- 1.0.txt
- 1.1.txt
- 1.3.txt
- 1.4.0.txt
- 1.5.0.txt
- 2.0.0.txt
- 2.1.0.txt
- 2.10.0.txt
- 2.11.0.txt
- 2.12.0.txt
- 2.2.0.txt
- 2.3.0.txt
- 2.4.0.txt
- 2.5.0.txt
- 2.6.0.txt
- 2.7.0.txt
- 2.8.0.txt
- 2.9.0.txt
- 3.0.0.txt
- 3.1.0.txt
- 3.10.0.txt
- 3.11.0.txt
- 3.12.0.txt
- 3.2.0.txt
- 3.3.0.txt
- 3.4.0.txt
- 3.5.0.txt
- 3.6.0.txt
- 3.7.0.txt
- 3.8.0.txt
- 3.9.0.txt
- sharding.rdoc
- sql.rdoc
- virtual_rows.rdoc

### Class Index

Quicksearch

- Sequel
- Sequel::ADO
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- Sequel::OpenBase
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- Sequel::Plugins::Timestamps::InstanceMethods
- Sequel::Plugins::Touch
- Sequel::Plugins::Touch::ClassMethods
- Sequel::Plugins::Touch::InstanceMethods
- Sequel::Plugins::TypecastOnLoad
- Sequel::Plugins::TypecastOnLoad::ClassMethods
- Sequel::Plugins::TypecastOnLoad::InstanceMethods
- Sequel::Plugins::UpdatePrimaryKey
- Sequel::Plugins::UpdatePrimaryKey::ClassMethods
- Sequel::Plugins::UpdatePrimaryKey::InstanceMethods
- Sequel::Plugins::ValidationClassMethods
- Sequel::Plugins::ValidationClassMethods::ClassMethods
- Sequel::Plugins::ValidationClassMethods::ClassMethods::Generator
- Sequel::Plugins::ValidationClassMethods::InstanceMethods
- Sequel::Plugins::ValidationHelpers
- Sequel::Plugins::ValidationHelpers::InstanceMethods
- Sequel::PoolTimeout
- Sequel::Postgres
- Sequel::Postgres::Adapter
- Sequel::Postgres::AdapterMethods
- Sequel::Postgres::Database
- Sequel::Postgres::DatabaseMethods
- Sequel::Postgres::Dataset
- Sequel::Postgres::Dataset::ArgumentMapper
- Sequel::Postgres::Dataset::BindArgumentMethods
- Sequel::Postgres::Dataset::PreparedStatementMethods
- Sequel::Postgres::DatasetMethods
- Sequel::Postgres::DatasetMethods::PreparedStatementMethods
- Sequel::PrettyTable
- Sequel::Progress
- Sequel::Progress::DatabaseMethods
- Sequel::Progress::DatasetMethods
- Sequel::Rollback
- Sequel::SQL
- Sequel::SQL::AliasMethods
- Sequel::SQL::AliasedExpression
- Sequel::SQL::BitwiseMethods
- Sequel::SQL::Blob
- Sequel::SQL::BooleanConstant
- Sequel::SQL::BooleanExpression
- Sequel::SQL::BooleanMethods
- Sequel::SQL::CaseExpression
- Sequel::SQL::Cast
- Sequel::SQL::CastMethods
- Sequel::SQL::ColumnAll
- Sequel::SQL::ComplexExpression
- Sequel::SQL::ComplexExpressionMethods
- Sequel::SQL::Constant
- Sequel::SQL::Constants
- Sequel::SQL::Expression
- Sequel::SQL::Function
- Sequel::SQL::GenericComplexExpression
- Sequel::SQL::GenericExpression
- Sequel::SQL::Identifier
- Sequel::SQL::IdentifierMethods
- Sequel::SQL::InequalityMethods
- Sequel::SQL::JoinClause
- Sequel::SQL::JoinOnClause
- Sequel::SQL::JoinUsingClause
- Sequel::SQL::NegativeBooleanConstant
- Sequel::SQL::NoBooleanInputMethods
- Sequel::SQL::NumericExpression
- Sequel::SQL::NumericMethods
- Sequel::SQL::OrderMethods
- Sequel::SQL::OrderedExpression
- Sequel::SQL::PlaceholderLiteralString
- Sequel::SQL::QualifiedIdentifier
- Sequel::SQL::QualifyingMethods
- Sequel::SQL::SQLArray
- Sequel::SQL::StringConcatenationMethods
- Sequel::SQL::StringExpression
- Sequel::SQL::StringMethods
- Sequel::SQL::Subscript
- Sequel::SQL::SubscriptMethods
- Sequel::SQL::VirtualRow
- Sequel::SQL::Window
- Sequel::SQL::WindowFunction
- Sequel::SQLite
- Sequel::SQLite::Database
- Sequel::SQLite::DatabaseMethods
- Sequel::SQLite::Dataset
- Sequel::SQLite::Dataset::ArgumentMapper
- Sequel::SQLite::Dataset::PreparedStatementMethods
- Sequel::SQLite::DatasetMethods
- Sequel::Schema
- Sequel::Schema::AlterTableGenerator
- Sequel::Schema::Generator
- Sequel::ShardedSingleConnectionPool
- Sequel::ShardedThreadedConnectionPool
- Sequel::SimpleMigration
- Sequel::SingleConnectionPool
- Sequel::ThreadLocalTimezones
- Sequel::ThreadedConnectionPool
- Sequel::TimestampMigrator
- Sequel::Timezones
- Sequel::ValidationFailed
- String
- String::Inflections
- Array
- FalseClass
- Hash
- NilClass
- Numeric
- Object
- PGconn
- PGresult
- Proc
- Symbol
- TrueClass

No matching classes.

Prepared Statements/Bound Variables

Sequel now supports prepared statements and bound variables. No matter which database you are using, Sequel uses exactly the same API. To specify placeholders, you use the :$placeholder syntax:

    ds = DB[:items].filter(:name=>:$n)

To use a bound variable:

    ds.call(:select, :n=>'Jim')

This will do the equivalent of selecting records that have the name ‘Jim’. In addition to :select, you can use :first or :delete. There is also support for bound variables when inserting or updating records:

    ds.call(:update, {:n=>'Jim', :new_n=>'Bob'}, :name=>:$new_n)

Which will update all records that have the name ‘Jim’ to have the name ‘Bob’.

Prepared statement support is very similar to bound variable support, except that the statement is first prepared with a name:

    ps = ds.prepare(:select, :select_by_name)

It is then called later with the bound arguments to use:

    ps.call(:n=>'Jim')
    DB.call(:select_by_name, :n=>'Jim') # same as above

For inserting or updating, the hash to use when inserting or updating is given to prepare:

    ps2 = ds.prepare(:update, :update_name, :name=>:$new_n)
    ps2.call(:n=>'Jim', :new_n=>'Bob')

There is some level of native support for these features in the PostgreSQL, MySQL, SQLite, and JDBC adapters. For other adapters, support is emulated, but it shouldn’t be too difficult to add native support for them.

For more details see: sequel.rubyforge.org/rdoc/files/doc/prepared_statements_rdoc.html

Read-Only Slave/Writable Master and Database Sharding

Sequel now has built in support for master/slave database configurations, just by setting an option in Sequel.connect:

    DB=Sequel.connect('postgres://master_server/database', \
      :servers=>{:read_only=>{:host=>'slave_server'}})

That will use slave_server for SELECT queries and master_server for other queries. It’s fairly easy to use multiple slaves or even multiple masters, examples are included in the link below.

Sharding support requires some code other than the database configuration, but is still fairly simple. For example, to set up a 16 shard configuration based on a hex character:

    servers = {}
    (('0'..'9').to_a + ('a'..'f').to_a).each do |hex|
      servers[hex.to_sym] = {:host=>"hash_host_#{hex}"}
    end
    DB=Sequel.connect('postgres://hash_host/hashes', :servers=>servers)

To set which shard to use for a query, use the Dataset#server method:

    DB[:hashes].server(:a).filter(:hash=>/31337/)

For more details see: sequel.rubyforge.org/rdoc/files/doc/sharding_rdoc.html

Other Changes

- The sequel.rubyforge.org website has a new design thanks to boof. The online RDoc is now located at sequel.rubyforge.org/rdoc.

- Support was added for anonymous column names in the ADO adapter.

- Better MSSQL support in the ADO, ODBC, and JDBC adapters. The odbc_mssql adapter has been removed. If you use MSSQL with ODBC, please use the odbc adapter with a :db_type=>‘mssql’ option.

- The following Sequel::Error exception subclasses were removed: InvalidExpression, InvalidFilter, InvalidJoinType, and WorkerStop.

- Documentation was added for the PostgreSQL, MySQL, SQLite, and JDBC adapters.

- Various internal interfaces were refactored. For example, if you use an adapter not included with Sequel, it probably won’t work until you update it to the new internal API.

- Many low level methods (such as Database#transaction), now take an optional server argument to indicate which server to use.

- Model plugins that have a DatasetMethods module with non-public methods no longer have Model methods created that call those methods.

[Validate]

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