std::apply(3)

NAME
std::apply - std::apply

Synopsis
   Defined in header <tuple>
   template< class F, class Tuple > (since C++17)
   constexpr decltype(auto) apply( F&& f, Tuple&& t ); (until C++23)
   template< class F, tuple-like Tuple >
   constexpr decltype(auto) apply( F&& f, Tuple&& t ) noexcept(/* see (since C++23)
   below */);
   Invoke the Callable object f with the elements of t as arguments.
   Given the exposition-only function apply-impl defined as follows: template<class
   F,class Tuple, std::size_t... I>
   constexpr decltype(auto)
       apply-impl(F&& f, Tuple&& t, std::index_sequence<I...>) // exposition only
   {
       return INVOKE(std::forward<F>(f), std::get<I>(std::forward<Tuple>(t))...);
   }
   The effect is equivalent to return apply-impl(std::forward<F>(f),
   std::forward<Tuple>(t),
                     std::make_index_sequence<
                        std::tuple_size_v<std::decay_t<Tuple>>>{}); .

Parameters
   f - Callable object to be invoked
   t - tuple whose elements to be used as arguments to f

Return value
   The value returned by f.

Exceptions
   (none) (until
                        C++23)
   noexcept specification:
   noexcept(
       noexcept(std::invoke(std::forward<F>(f),
                        std::get<Is>(std::forward<Tuple>(t))...)) (since
                        C++23)
   )
   where Is... denotes the parameter pack:
     * 0, 1, ..., std::tuple_size_v<std::remove_reference_t<Tuple>> - 1.

Notes
   Tuple need not be std::tuple, and instead may be anything that
   supports std::get and std::tuple_size; in particular, std::array and (until C++23)
   std::pair may be used.
   Tuple is constrained to be tuple-like, i.e. each type therein is
   required to be a specialization of std::tuple or another type (such as (since C++23)
   std::array and std::pair) that models tuple-like.
   Feature-test macro Value Std Feature
   __cpp_lib_apply 201603L (C++17) std::apply

Example
// Run this code
 #include <iostream>
 #include <tuple>
 #include <utility>
 int add(int first, int second) { return first + second; }
 template<typename T>
 T add_generic(T first, T second) { return first + second; }
 auto add_lambda = [](auto first, auto second) { return first + second; };
 template<typename... Ts>
 std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, std::tuple<Ts...> const& theTuple)
 {
     std::apply
     (
         [&os](Ts const&... tupleArgs)
         {
             os << '[';
             std::size_t n{0};
             ((os << tupleArgs << (++n != sizeof...(Ts) ? ", " : "")), ...);
             os << ']';
         }, theTuple
     );
     return os;
 }
 int main()
 {
     // OK
     std::cout << std::apply(add, std::pair(1, 2)) << '\n';
     // Error: can't deduce the function type
     // std::cout << std::apply(add_generic, std::make_pair(2.0f, 3.0f)) << '\n';
     // OK
     std::cout << std::apply(add_lambda, std::pair(2.0f, 3.0f)) << '\n';
     // advanced example
     std::tuple myTuple{25, "Hello", 9.31f, 'c'};
     std::cout << myTuple << '\n';
 }

Output:
 3
 5
 [25, Hello, 9.31, c]

See also
   make_tuple creates a tuple object of the type defined by the argument types
   (C++11) (function template)
   forward_as_tuple creates a tuple of forwarding references
   (C++11) (function template)
   make_from_tuple construct an object with a tuple of arguments
   (C++17) (function template)
   invoke invokes any Callable object with given arguments
   invoke_r and possibility to specify return type
   (C++17) (since C++23)
   (C++23) (function template)

Category:
     * conditionally noexcept