std::promise::set_exception(3)

NAME
std::promise::set_exception - std::promise::set_exception

Synopsis
   void set_exception( std::exception_ptr p ); (since C++11)
   Atomically stores the exception pointer p into the shared state and makes the state
   ready.
   The operation behaves as though set_value, set_exception, set_value_at_thread_exit,
   and set_exception_at_thread_exit acquire a single mutex associated with the promise
   object while updating the promise object.
   An exception is thrown if there is no shared state or the shared state already
   stores a value or exception.
   Calls to this function do not introduce data races with calls to get_future
   (therefore they need not synchronize with each other).

Parameters
   p - exception pointer to store. The behavior is undefined if p is null

Return value
   (none)

Exceptions
   std::future_error on the following conditions:
     * *this has no shared state. The error code is set to no_state.
     * The shared state already stores a value or exception. The error code is set to
       promise_already_satisfied.

Example
// Run this code
 #include <future>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <thread>
 int main()
 {
     std::promise<int> p;
     std::future<int> f = p.get_future();
     std::thread t([&p]
     {
         try
         {
             // code that may throw
             throw std::runtime_error("Example");
         }
         catch (...)
         {
             try
             {
                 // store anything thrown in the promise
                 p.set_exception(std::current_exception());
                 // or throw a custom exception instead
                 // p.set_exception(std::make_exception_ptr(MyException("mine")));
             }
             catch (...) {} // set_exception() may throw too
         }
     });
     try
     {
         std::cout << f.get();
     }
     catch (const std::exception& e)
     {
         std::cout << "Exception from the thread: " << e.what() << '\n';
     }
     t.join();
 }

Output:
 Exception from the thread: Example

See also
                        sets the result to indicate an exception while
   set_exception_at_thread_exit delivering the notification only at thread exit
                        (public member function)